1- Describe the primary differences in the role of citizens in government, among the federal, confederation, and unitary systems.

In a federal system, the citizens vote for interested government officials. At the same time, the officials represent the ideas and the concerns of the netizens in the government.  The citizens also serve as community members, write, receive and send info, and attend conferences. Moreover, the citizens participate in creating important decisions like budget development and regulation. Besides, in the confederal system, the citizens agree to follow the powerful central government. The role of the citizen is to follow all the laws and regulations as stipulated by the government in power. Moreover, in a unitary system, the central government envoys the authorization to subnational units and directs guiding principles to citizens for enactment. Thus, the role of citizens is to implements policy decisions. 

2- Briefly explain how you understand the system of division of power.

The system of division of power paid an important role in keeping the three branches equal to one another which are legislative, executive, and judicial that neither branch becomes too powerful. The legislative has the power to declare war and can confirm or reject any presidential appointment and investigative power. The Judicial Branch provides for citizens’ equality and fair laws. The executive branch is responsible to put laws into operation, negotiate taxes, wage war, appoint judges, diplomates, etc. So each branch has its own powers and weaknesses and they must work together to govern this country.

3-How does the federal government shape the actions of state and local governments? Write your answer based on doing a bit of research on how the federal government has influenced the actions of NY state and local governments, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The coronavirus pandemic has incited an inclusive government response from the federal, state, and local governments. The federal government has endorsed statutes to stimulate the economy and support a robust public health response. The federal government has also implemented principles through agencies’ control and rules to utilize the finance offered by Congress. The local government emphasizes its emergency powers on policies to protect their netizens and promote municipal economies stimulated by the federal government. The state government responds to the approach of the federal government by targeting the people with public health policy and economic responses.