1.The Establishment Clause prevents Congress from creating a state-sponsored religion. What this means is that they cannot advocate for a certain religion and show favoritism. It goes against the First Amendment which is our freedom of religion. To help prevent this, the Lemon test was created. The Lemon test helps decide whether a law or act is religious promotion and whether it should be allowed based on three criteria. The first is that it must not include excessive entanglement between the government and religion. The second is it should not discourage, or encourage religious practice. The third is there must be a purpose to the act or law that does not have a religious reasoning or justification.

2. While the burning of the US flag was a controversial issue and many were and are still divided on it, it is protected under the First Amendment. In the case of Texas v. Johnson in 1989, the Supreme Court had ruled that the law condemning the burning of the US flag was unconstitutional.

3. When someone says they are taking the fifth, they are invoking their Fifth Amendment. The Fifth Amendment serves as legal protection. This means that they have the right to remain silent and not answer questions, lest they incriminate themselves.