The statistic that surprised me the most is that the wealthiest 1% of Americans own between 40% and 50% of the nation’s total wealth, more than that of the combined wealth of the lower 90%. The statistic surprised me because it shows the enormous disparity in the wealth distribution and how a tiny percentage of people have an out-of-proportion amount of assets. The result of such disparities in wealth runs deep and into all aspects of society, from individual opportunity to the overall economic system. Such concentration of wealth generates systemic barriers that trap individuals into cycles of inequality and preclude them from escaping poverty or even into simply financial security.
Breakdown in social mobility is one of the major results of hyper-wealth inequality. In a more balanced society, people would have opportunities to improve themselves according to their hard work and availability of money, but when the wealthiest control much of the country’s wealth, this becomes increasingly improbable. The children of those who live in poorer families, for example, might have several obstacles to thriving, like bad schools and fewer choices. More affluent families, though, can afford to send their children to private school, after-school programs, and college prep classes, which set them ahead. This creates a cycle in which social class remains fairly consistent across generations, despite the myth that anyone can succeed in life regardless of their background.
Another implication of wealth inequality is the concentration of political and economic power within the control of a small group of people. If most of the wealth in a country is held by a few wealthy individuals and corporations, they are able to have a great deal of control over political decisions. This control can result in unfairly favoring the wealthy, such as cutting taxes for the richest or deregulating industries that allow corporations to hold even greater control. Therefore, the needs and interests of the majority are normally sacrificed in a bid to uphold the set order that benefits the richest. Power disparity has the effect of weakening trust in democratic institutions as well as leading to political instability because the population gets disillusioned with a regime that seems to benefit the wealthy.
Everyday life is lived with the impact of wealth inequality in many facets. For example, in education, the inequality of wealth between families will often decide on the quality of education one receives. Richer children are able to go to private schools or hire tutors, while poorer children are sent to underfunded public schools where there is little. This lack of ability to access good education limits upward mobility and keeps individuals trapped in poverty. Similarly, healthcare access is another area where income inequality significantly comes into play. Individuals who are wealthier are able to afford private medical treatment or comprehensive insurance coverage, while many lower-income families receive substandard quality of care or must rely on overburdened public health systems. This makes wealthier individuals live healthier and longer, while the poor suffer from poor health outcomes and a worse quality of life.
Housing is another clear example of how inequality of wealth plays out in everyday life. In all of the big cities, housing prices have gone astronomically high, and home ownership is now out of reach for the majority. Wealthy investors and corporations can buy multiple homes and inflate prices, pushing working-class families out of the market. It helps to cause gentrification, where poorer citizens are driven out of their neighborhood and must relocate elsewhere at cheaper prices, often far from their job or social circle. It widens the gap between the wealthy and the rest of society, with the wealthy getting richer and the poor barely able to afford necessities.
In summary, excessive wealth inequality has extensive implications, not just for individuals but also for the stability of society in general. The concentration of wealth among a few results in a system where opportunities are unequal, social mobility is restricted, and political power is vested in the hands of the affluent. This is felt every day in inequalities within education, health, housing, and pay. Systemic changes need to be made to correct these so that money is more evenly distributed and all citizens, regardless of where they are from, have an equal chance to succeed.