The distinction that the reading makes between owners and employees is that owners make their income that comes from the labor of other people. Employees receive wages that only represent a small portion of their labor. An example of this can be a popular restaurant owner, fine dining. They are able to exploit workers, like servers or janitors to work harder for less than minimum wage. Owners are able to profit from their workers since most workers actually need a job. 

The way I am able to understand the quote by Adam Smith is that working is determined by how much time and effect an employee does when working. Doing work is the. It is saying that labor gives things value. Money is just a way to show value. 

My thoughts on the main argument of reading 4.4 that supports the idea that class is NOT an identity because materials come into play. When people work for a company, they dont own it..they just work there and then they become a member of the working class and they have to start using their salary to live day-to-day. But! We are also able to look at different forms of oppression like gender or race, and even sexuality and how they also play a role in employment opportunities.

The way I am able to understand the argument in reading 4.4 is that it’s a base. Without workers, capitalists aren’t able to grow their company nor grow their money. Workers rely on capitalists for money. And workers use this money for their daily lives like rent, groceries or other necessities. They depend on each other since capitalists pull money from their workers labor and in return the workers depend on capitalist companies for survival. An example of this can be a fast food chain and a worker…For the company, their profit comes from how much time a worker shows up, follows orders, and helps assist customers to keep everyone happy even though some don’t enjoy working there. Workers depend on these fast foods for jobs since there might not be another option and they need their job, they try their hardest to keep their job in risk of getting fired and not being able to have income to feed their family