What Is RSA ?

A repressive state apparatus is something the government uses to control people, usually through rules, punishment, or force.

Althusser calls it ” repressive” because it can make people follow the law even if they do not agree with it. Like police, courts, prisons, and the military.

For example, the police can arrest someone for breaking the law.

What is Isa ?

Ideological state apparatuses are things like school, families, churches, the media, and other organizations that influence the way people think and act. They work by teaching people certain beliefs, values, and ideas about how society should work. For example school teaches students rules and behaviors that are expected in society.

RSA vs ISA

The main difference is how they control people. Repressive state apparatuses mainly use laws, punishment, or force to make people follow rules. Ideological state apparatuses mainly use ideas, beliefs, and values to influence people. For example, the police can punish someone for breaking a law, while a school can teach students why following rules is important.

Example of ISA

This image symbolizes time and discipline meaning it requires students to attend classes on time and complete assignments, and to follow rules.