A couple examples of pre cinema animation are the magic lanterns and animated cave paintings. The magic lanterns maintained popularity from the 17th century all the way up to the 19th century. The evolution of the magic lantern sparked further development for the concept of animation as singular slides overlapped and took the early form of projected abstract animations. It was discovered that even cave paintings used the concept of overlapping images to convey the illusion of movement. Although vastly different, it’s quite clear key elements of fundamental animation were evident. The most major difference between these two is the various mechanisms used in magic lanterns that made the illusion feel much more alive compared to the archaic caved paintings. Naturally as so much time had passed by, the evolution of the animation had improved significantly.