Watch the videos about Piaget . Complete this handout as you watch the Piaget video.
Watch this video about Vygotsky. Complete this handout as you watch the Vygotsky video.
Answer the questions below creating a unique response that includes information form both video:
- What is Piaget’s theory of development and learning?
- How does Piaget believe children learn?
- What does Piaget believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
- What is Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning?
- How does Vygotsky believe children learn?
- What does Vygotsky believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
- Which theorist do you most connect with or think best describes how infants develop and learn? Why?
1)Babies learn through their senses. Hearing is a very important sense, babies love when parents speak “parentese” ( parents draw out their vowels and raise their voice an octave ).Hearing their parents speak this way wires words into the babies brain and allows the baby to feel loved and important.
2)Infant teachers should always remember babies are very sensitive, all of these different senses they are feeling are new to them. Teachers need to support the infants with these new experiences.
3)According to the article teachers are the gatekeepers to a child’s sensory stimulation. Teachers should offer sensory experiences in careful doses and always be observant of the child’s response.
4) The baby is able to roll over on to her stomach an also hold her head up.
5)The baby is touching the toys the baby also uses her mouth as a form of touch. The babies mouth is very sensitive to the different textures .
Hello brittney, I agree with you because teachers must offer children different sensory activities to be able to explore and learn about their new experiences.
Brittney — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Neurologically, babies cannot filter out sensory input the way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? Thinking of the baby in the video, I wonder, what other cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical/ motor milestones is the baby demonstrating?
1) Piaget believed babies move through 4 different stages of development he believed intelligence changes as children grow. The four stages start off with sensorimotor, this begins at birth to 24 months in this stage he believed everything is learnt based on experiences. The next stage is preoperational this is from 2 years -7 years. Piaget believed at this stage intelligence was intuitive and children began to develop memory, language, and imagination.The next stage is concrete operational from ages 7-11 this is the stage children become more aware. The last stage is formal operational this stage begins at adolescence – adulthood. During this stage we are able to grasp concepts and relationships.
2)VYgotsky believed social interaction was the key to learning. He believed development was based on social and cultural context.
3) I agree with both theorist i feel like Vygotsky had a valid point babies need guidance or some one to develop. If a child as a caregiver who is there every step of the way meaning they are helping them walk, giving them a walker and the push toy or they are interacting with them daily that child will learn to walk and talk . Now imagine a child who has none of this yes they will learn to walk eventually but what about speech . They may learn eventually but i feel like these milestones will be delayed.
Brittney — Thanks for your comment in this module. Piaget believed that all children passed through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. I wonder, what specifically happens during the sensorimotor phase? Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1A)Piaget theory believes that children move through 4 different stages of mental development such as the sensorimotor stage which they learned to coordinate sensory information and motor activity becoming increasingly able to solve their own problems.
1B)Piaget’s belies infants from 0 to 18 months began to actively experiment with the world to see what will happen like an example would be throwing a toy to see the outcome after.
2A)Vygotsky’s theory is that community and language play a central part in learning and that children develop independently of specific stages as the result to social interactions.
2B)Vygotsky believes infants from 0 to 18 months learn and do would be on social and cultural.
3)The Theorist I agree is Vygotsky’s because I think as children are growing up they need to communicate a lot with others in order to learn new strategies and etc.
Lesly — — Thanks for your comment in this module. Piaget believed that all children passed through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. Developing an understanding of cause & effect is part of the sensorimotor period; I wonder, what other skills & understandings do babies develop during the sensorimotor phase? Vygotsky believed that culture and language impacts development, and each person’s development is different because of their exposure to language and culture. I wonder, what else did Vygotsky believe about babies? Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the development of the babies in that movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1)Senses and sentry inout are important for Babies because that’s how they will be able to learn as they grow, such as hearing which would be important in everyday life.l,.,
2) Some important points infant teachers should remember about babies and their senses when working with babies that every child is different and they will most likely need patience from the caregiver some may be new to it.
3)Infant teachers do to support babies and their sensory processing would be to encourage them and observe them to be able to help them if they need help. Like in the video the infants are playing with the toys and they stare.
4)The baby when he is sitting on his mom lap he is able to move his arms and hands to grab the book and flip the page.
5)All the infants in the video are able to grab the toys, some move around when they drop the toy as as well.
Lesly — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Although each baby is different, babies do not have the neurological ability to filter sensory input/ background input the way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? Thinking of the baby in the video, I wonder, what other cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical/ motor milestones is the baby demonstrating?
Senses and sensory input are important for babies because it helps support language, cognitive social/emotional development, problem-solving skills and fine/gross motor skills. Infant teachers should remember that their earliest learning happens through their senses. Infant teachers can have a bag of items that can help the children when they are either over or under-simulated. The baby is demonstrating physical development by her legs and arms and grabbing her toy and holding on to it. The baby is able to move her body and grab on to stuff. She also used her mouth as another way of touching her toy.
Hello Diamunique
I agree with you because sense are essential for babies in order to explore and make sense of the world, as you stated, senses also help them to support their learning development. I liked your idea about teachers supporting the babies processing.
Diamunique — — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses and sensory input supports infant development. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Babies do not have the neurological ability to filter out sensory input the same way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload or are overstimulation? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the readings and video on infant sensory processing? Thinking of the baby in the video, I wonder, what other cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical/ motor milestones is the baby in the video demonstrating?
1) Senses and sensory input are important for babies because they can explore and make sense of the world throw their senses. According to Honig (2007), Babies ‘earliest learning happens though their senses. Long before a newborn’s clenched first uncurls at about 3 to 4 months- allowing him to take hold to the world and grasp, pat, and bat at objects – a baby is learning though his sensory system: thought touch, hearing, sight, muscle sense, taste and smell” (16). In addition, the video “What are the 8 Basic Sensory Systems” shows that we have 8 sensory systems: tactile, olfactory, auditory, gustatory, visual, vestibular, proprioceptive and interoception, and all of them have their own functions.
2) Teachers should remember these points about babies and their senses: Honig states “Touch is a powerful learning tool for enhancing a baby’s early learning…Vision, during the first weeks of life, babies usually prefer being turned to the right to the left when laying down” (16). “Hearing, babies are quite sensitive to sounds… Teste-Smell- texture, tiny babies make upset faces when tasting bitter or sour substances…Stimulation combinations, babies enjoy it when you croon to them and cares them at the same time… The muscle sense, babies get internal stimulation signal as well as the usual outer sensory signals” (17)
3) In order to support babies and their sensory processing, teachers should offer sensory experiences in careful doses, accompanied by careful observations of babies’ responses. For instance, teacher’s faces should show loving expressions, because this is a most welcome visual stimulus for a baby. We should always remember that toddlers take pride in the budding autonomy and often want to feel themselves, for we can put out an assortment of small portions. In addition, teachers should keep in mind that gentle movements are best for babies, they grin with joy at the lovely sensations from kindness stimulations. (Honig, 2007)
4) The developmental milestones that the baby demonstrated in the video are:
Social and Emotional. – the baby smiled spontaneously when she listens her mother’s voice.
Language. – she was babbling to communicate
Cognitive, with the help of her mother, the baby reached for toys with one hand, she used her hands and eyes together, such as seeing a toy and reaching for it.
Physical. – The baby holds her head steady, unsupported, she pushes down on legs when she was on the floor. She was able to roll over from tummy to back, she could hold a toy and shake it. She brought her hands and a toy to her mouth, when lying on her stomach, she pushed up to elbows.
5) Baby is processing sensory information such as:
-Tactile, when she the baby reaches for toy with one hand
-Auditory, she processes sounds when she listens to the toys sounds and her mother’s voice
-Visual, when she follows moving things with eyes from side to side.
Marcela– Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Babies cannot filter out sensory input neurologically the way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? You connected your comment to the readings & video from the activity on infant sensory processing. You identified social-emotional, cognitive, communication/language, and physical milestones the baby in the baby in the video demonstrated.
1.-What is Piaget’s theory of development and learning?
Piaget proposed a comprehensive theory of child cognitive development identifying 4 major stages:
The first stage, sensory motor. – from birth to 2 years. – Infants learn to coordinate sensory information and motor activity. Becoming increasingly able to act purposefully on their environments and solve problems.
1.1 How does Piaget believe children learn?
Piaget believed infants learn thorough the senses, and reflexes by manipulating materials.
1.2 What does Piaget believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
At the beginning of the stage, infants’ actions are confined to innate reflexes like sucking and grasping, soon, they will show primary circular reactions. Unlike primary reactions, secondary circular reactions are not based on reflexes but represent the first acquired adaptations of new behaviors.
At about 8 months ages, children show their first signs of planning intentional behavior
Tertiary circular reactions occur between 12 and 18 months of age. Infants begin to activate experiment with the world to do things just to see what happened.
Being able to represent objects mentally is an important cognitive change as it allows children to think about things they can’t see or touch using insight and mental experimentation for solving problems instead of trial an error.
2.- What is Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning?
Vygotsky’s theory of Social development. – The basis of his theory is that a developing child needs social interaction to develop skills like reasoning, memory, attention, and language. Therefore, children develop independently of specific stages as the result of social interactions.
2.1How does Vygotsky believe children learn?
Vygotsky believed that while some children may be the same age, they may have different zones of proximal development (ZPD) due to factors such as the way they are raised, their culture or what they have been exposed to.
2.2 What does Vygotsky believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
Vygotsky believed that infants learn by observing their parent’s behavior and trying to imitate it. Then the parents will guide the infant until they have gained enough skills to do the activity by themselves.
Children learn through play; they can develop confidence in their language skills.
Social and cultural factors also contribute to the child’s development.
3.- Which theorist do you most connect with or think best describes how infants develop and learn? Why?
I think the theorist I connect the most and who best describes how infants develop and learn is Vygotsky because his theory emphasizes the importance of culture and language on children’s cognitive development. In addition, I agree with his ideas of ZPD “Zone of Proximal Development” which Is the difference between what a learner can do without help and what a learner can do with help. As a future teacher I would like to apply Vygotsky’s ideas about ZPD and scaffolding. In order to do it, I need to observe children carefully and plan a curriculum that encourage children’s emerging abilities, and pair up children who can learn from each other.
Marcela — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Piaget believed that all children pass through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. In addition to the processes listed, babies also develop cause & effect and object permanence during the sensorimotor phase. Vygotsky believed all babies are born with basic mental functions, but those skills are quickly refined based on the culture, language and social interactions a baby is exposed to. The More Knowledgeable Other is a central element in Vygotsky’s theory. Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1) Jean Piaget’s theory of development and learning is identified by 4 stages. The first is that babies from birth to 2 years old develop what he called the Sensorimotor skill set. They start off with sensorimotor skills like sucking and swinging their arms and legs. Later they learn to control the movements of their limbs. Piaget believes that infants lear through their experiences of sense and how they explore the world. Piaget also believes that children should be able to learn on their own and through the experiences they have out in the world.
2) Vygotsky’s theory of development was that children learn from language and the ZPD. He described it as scaffolding. He believe that children could learn things from other children. When a child was on the verge of learning something it would be beneficial for a teacher to help them out every now and again. He believed that it was important for children to learn from other children because children could learn other skills like conversations and then apply those skills to other skills later in life. Vygotsky believed that a child from 0-18months old learns what to do from the actions of their adults and others in their lives. they are able to see what the adults are doing and mimic that.
3) I don’t agree/connect with one more than the other. There are parts to both theorist that I agree with. I do agree that children should be able to experience things on their own and that will help them in other situations in their lives but I also agree that parents/adults can step in and help every now and again. Not too much because then the child will be used to everything done for them, but once in a while. I also believe that children can learn from each other and that they should learn from each other. Even though both theorists didn’t agree with everything each oher said, I think both are equally right.
Zoe — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Piaget believed that all children pass through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. Reflexive movements build into more complex learning schemes. He believed that babies learn through their experiences & their senses. Vygotsky believed all babies are born with basic mental functions, but those skills are quickly refined based on the baby’s culture, language and social interactions. The More Knowledgeable Other is a central element in Vygotsky’s Zone of Proximal Development. Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1. The senses and sensory input are important for babies because when they use their senses they learn who is who and distinguish the voices they’ve heard and learn about the world around them, sensory input is important because as Honig stated (2007) “…for developing bodily skills” (pg2)
2. Important points infant teachers should remember about babies and their senses when working with babies is to not overload them because their body won’t process all the input and become distressed.
3. What infant teachers can do to support babies and their sensory processing is observing what they have a positive respond to and add it to their routine but also limit the sensory stimulation.
4. The baby shows physical development by moving her arms and legs and she is able to roll over. She also demonstrated social emotional language/ communication by cooing and fusses, she also smiles when her mom was talking to her.
5. The baby is processing sensory information through auditory when her mom is speaking to her and the sound from the t.v. Visual by locating her mom when she was speaking to her and looking around (proprioception).
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1. Piaget’s theory of development and learning is that he believes children learn through their environment, he believed that there are 4 cognitive stages everyone goes through,Sensorimotor (birth to age 2), Preoperational (2-7 years old), Concrete Operational (7-11 or 12 years old) and Formal Operational (11 or 12 years and older).
1A. Piaget believes children learn by becoming curious in what they’re learning and would like to know more about it. They also learn through their environment.
1B. Piaget believes infants 0-18 months learn through their senses, reflexes.
2. Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning is by play, using their cognitive and social development.
2A. Vygotsky believes children learn by playing with others in their same age and it helps construct their knowledge because among themselves they would correct them and learn more things.
2B. Vygotsky believes infants 0-18 months learn by mimicking the behavior that happens around them but also having a positive reaction from an adult that would help them achieve.
C. Vygotsky’s theory best describes how children learn by themselves and among each other because they help each other, either by correcting them or learning new things.
Brenda — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Neurologically, babies cannot filter out sensory input the way adults & older children or teens can. Observation is an important tool to determine how a baby is responding to sensory stimuli. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? Thanks for sharing the sensory input the baby in the video is receiving. Thinking of the baby in the video, I wonder, what other cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical/ motor milestones is the baby demonstrating?
1- Piaget’s theory of development and learning is that he believes children learn best in their environment. He believes there’s 4 cognitive stages, sensorimotor which is from birth to age 2, preoperationl which is from 2 to 7 year old, concrete operational from7 to 12 years old, and lastly formal operational from 11 years old and older.
1a) Piaget believes children learn if they are curious from what they are learning. He also believes they learn in their environment.
1b) Piaget believes infants 0-18 months learn by their reflexes and senses.
2- Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning is by using their cognitive and social development
2a) Vygotsky believes children learn by playing with children their age because it helps them recognize their mistakes and they could change it and learn new things.
2b) Vygotsky believes infants 0-18 months learn by copying behavior that they observer in their surroundings.
3- I believe I connect with Vygotsky because i believe infants learn by themselves by copying people’s reactions. Infants are observers and they can learn so many things on their own. They see people’s faces and they would try to copy and do that face themselves.
Madelin — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Piaget believed that all children pass through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. He believes children process info from their environment that shapes their learning. I wonder, what happens during the sensorimotor stage? Vygotsky believed people learn based on their culture, language and social interactions. All babies are born with the same basic mental functions that are refined based on their environment — culture, language and social interactions. Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1. Why are the senses and sensory input important for babies?
– The senses and sensory input are important for babies because babies are willing to learn and discover their world through the senses. According to Honig (2007) “By offering sensory experiences in careful doses, accompanied by careful observations of babies’s responses, you will help them manage sensory input in order to experience pleasure and interest in new experiences”.
2. What are important points infant teachers should remember about babies and their senses when working with babies?
– Teachers should remember about babies and their senses that baby’s earliest learning happens through their senses.
3. What can infant teachers do to support babies and their sensory processing?
– Infant teachers can support babies and their sensory processing by combining and implementing sensory stimulations with opportunities for developing bodily skills. Honig (2007) states “You are the gatekeeper for a young child’s sensory stimulation.”
4. What developmental milestones is this baby demonstrating (social and emotional language/ communication, movement/ physical development, and cognitive)? How?
-Social and emotional: She was smiling.
-Language/communication: She was babbling with expressions.
-Movement/physical development: She was able to roll over from tummy to back.
-Cognitive: She was reaching for her toy with one hand.
5. What sensory information is this baby processing? How?
-This baby is processing
Touch: when she had her toy in her hands
Sight: when she looked at her toys
Hearing: when the person who cared for her spoke to her and she recognizes the voice.
Daniela — — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn and discover their world through their senses. Combining movement with sensory input is called “sensorimotor” — which we will talk about with Piaget. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Neurologically, babies cannot filter out sensory input the way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? You list cognitive, social-emotional, physical, and language/ communication developmental milestones the baby in the video demonstrated; I wonder, can you identify any other milestones the baby demonstrated in the video?
1- senses and sentry are important because babies uses these in their lives everyday. Hearing is important because they hear new things everyday which helps them learn.
2- Infant teachers should remember about babies and their senses is that most babies are different. Not all babies learn fast, teachers should have lots of patiences for them to learn new things.
3- Infant teachers should encourage them and keep an eye on them to check if they need any help. In the video I saw that the babies would just stare at the toys.
4- the baby shows physical development because he is able to move his arms and grab the book to flip the first page of the book.
5- In the videos the babies are about to grab something and move around.
Madelin — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies learn through their senses. Infant teachers are responsible to ensuring babies receive enough — but not too much — sensory input. Babies do not have the neurological capability to filter out sensory input the same way adults & older children or teens can. I wonder, how do babies indicate they are experiencing sensory overload/ overstimulation? Thinking of the baby in the video, I wonder, what other cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical/ motor milestones is the baby demonstrating? You include info from the video in your comment; I wonder, how does your comment connect to the Honig readings?
1. What is Piaget’s theory of development and learning?
Piaget’s theory of development and learning is based on four major periods or stages
-Sensorimotor stage: birth to 2 years
-Preoperational stage: ages 2 to 7
-Concrete operational stage: ages 7 to 11
-Formal operational stage: ages 12 and up
a. How does Piaget believe children learn?
-Children learn by exploring their environment and discovering how to solve problems, children think and reason differently in different periods of their lives.
b. What does Piaget believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
-Infants are able to suck, grasp, open and close their own arms, pushes buttons, drops things, experiment with the world to do thing just to see what will happen. In addition object permanence is important because children know objects continue to exist when they are no longer visible.
2. What is Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning?
-Vygotsky’s theory of development and learning argues that children develop independently of specific stages as the result of social interactions.
a. How does Vygotsky believe children learn?
-Vygotsky believe children learn using their four mental functions: attention, sensation, perception and memory. Our social environment allow children to use these four elementary mental function in order to develop.
b. What does Vygotsky believe infants 0-18 months learn & do?
-Vygotsky believes that infants 0-18 months are able to see and learn what the adults are doing and try to mimic what they do. Each child needs a supportive adult to help them achieve what they want to do.
3. Which theorist do you most connect with or think best describes how infants develop and learn? Why?
-I connect most with Vygotsky theory because I believe the environment in which children grow up will influence the way they think and children acquire their cultural values, beliefs, and problem-solving strategies through their environment and social interactions.
Daniela — — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Piaget believed that all children pass through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time frames. He believed that babies learn through their environment, experiences, and their senses. I wonder, what specifically happens during the sensorimotor stage? You listed the basic mental functions Vygotsky believes all babies are born with, but those skills are quickly refined based on the baby’s culture, language, and social interactions. Thinking about what you saw in the movie Babies, I wonder, how does the movie connect to Vygotsky’s principles and Piaget’s principles? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the videos in this activity?
1.Piaget’s hypothesis of improvement and learning is that he accepts kids learn best in their current circumstance. He accepts there’s 4 psychological stages, sensorimotor which is from birth to age 2, preoperationl which is from 2 to 7 year old, concrete operational from7 to 12 years of age, and ultimately formal operational from 11 years of age and more established.
1a) Piaget accepts youngsters take in the event that they are interested from what they are realizing. He additionally accepts they learn in their current circumstance.
1b) Piaget accepts babies 0-year and a half learn by their reflexes and faculties.
2-Vygotsky’s hypothesis of advancement and learning is by utilizing their psychological and social turn of events
2a) Vygotsky accepts kids learn by playing with youngsters their age since it causes them perceive their errors and they could transform it and learn new things.
2b) Vygotsky accepts newborn children 0-year and a half learn by duplicating conduct that they onlooker in their environmental factors.
3-I trust I interface with Vygotsky in light of the fact that I accept babies learn without help from anyone else by duplicating individuals’ responses. Babies are onlookers and they can adapt such countless things all alone. They see individuals’ countenances and they would attempt to duplicate and do that face themselves.
Selanie — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Piaget believes that all children go through the same stages of cognitive development at about the same time. He believes that interactions with the environment share learning. Vygotsky believes that what each child learns is unique — based on their interactions with other people & their culture. Vygotsky argued that all babies are born with the same mental functions, but then what how a child refines those processes & develops additional abilities is based on social interactions, culture, and language. Vygotsky’s opinion is that babies must have other people in order to learn. I wonder, how does your comment specifically connect to the videos in this activity?
1. I would want to work in an infant classroom that has a phase-in because I would want to know everything I can about the infant as well as the family so to build trust and as relationship.
2. I would want my baby to go to a program with a phase-in so I could get to know the teacher and see what the level of comfort is with my child.
3. As an infant teacher home visits are important. You get to the know the family in their everyday environment and familiarize yourself with the infant’s routines.
4. I would invite my baby’s teacher to my home so they could understand our customs and traditions. I think the teacher would gain a better knowledge of what routines we use that work for us and try to incorporate them.
5. Infants benefit from home visits and phase-in because the family and teacher learn about each other and make the transition from home life to school life easier that way.
6. Families benefit from home visits and phase-in because they can grow trust for the infant teacher. They can show the teacher what works for their baby and know that the teacher will customize the care for their child.