Watch the video Infants: Social-Emotional Development (2010) The video is found on the BMCC’s library Kanopy video database (follow these directions or watch this video to access the video); complete this handout as you watch the video.
Read the following articles and complete this handout as you read
Elliott & Gonzalez-Mena (2011)
Review CDC Developmental Milestones: 2 months
Watch this video
Create a unique answer to the questions below that cites extensive evidence from each of the readings and video:
- What are the aspects or elements of infant’s social development? What are the aspects or elements of a baby’s emotional development?
- What can babies do socially and emotionally?
- What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
- How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old (social and emotional language/ communication, movement/ physical development, and cognitive)?
1)self-soothing, self-control,emotional awareness, and empathy are all elements of social and emotional development. A responsive caregiver who reflects and validates a child’s emotions and behaviors helps young children to make sense of their world.
2)Babies can show facially expressions that corresponds to their emotions. Some social behaviors would be recognition babies start to recognize who is a stranger and who isn’t. Babies also began to respond to others emotions.
3)In order to support a babies emotional and social development teachers should actively engage and interact. Teachers can also model babies behavior.
4)The baby is focusing on the dad and mimicking the dads emotions by smiling and laughing.
4)
Brittney — Thanks for your comment in this activity. You list several aspects of emotional development and what babies can do emotionally (e.g. demonstrate various emotional states); I wonder, what is involved with social development & what can babies do in relationship to social interactions? In addition to interacting with babies and modeling behaviors, I wonder, what can infant teachers do to support infant’s social-emotional development? The 2-month-old baby is focusing on dad and mimicking the adult’s facial expressions; I wonder, what other milestones from the CDC milestones chart is the baby demonstrating? How? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the reading and video in this module?
1) The aspects of the infants social development are being able to read peoples emotions and being able to respond with a social smile. The baby doesn’t seem like they have an anxieties with other people around. The infant is also able to show their emotions as being happy. The baby is also able to babble a little in response to people talking to them.
2) Babies can show a range of emotions socially and emotionally. They can show most emotions before the age of 6 months. From birth to 2 months old babies can show interest, disgust, distress, and happiness. From 2-6 months babies can show anger, sadness, surprise and fear. Around 4 months they will spontaneously laugh here and there. This teaches them to continue to laugh and that it’s a good thing to do. From 4-6 months they are able to respond to other humans and their emotions so much so that they are able to mimic other peoples behaviors. Some babies at 5-6 months experience stranger anxiety because they are finally getting used to certain people who are around them the most. at 7-10 months old separation anxiety starts because at 8 months object permanency starts to happen and they know that the other person who isn’t there still exists. 9-10 months they become super emotional and later learn strategies to maintain their emotions. After a year, they are able to understand that emotions are based off of situations that happens in life.
3) In order to support baby’s social emotional development, infant teacher should be super positive and happy to be around, sensitive, attentive to their needs/ be able to read their cues, and engaging in activities/ being able to stimulate baby’s interest.
4) The baby in the video demonstrates the milestones for a 2 month old because she is cooing in response to her parents and she is smiling and able to show emotions.
Zoe, Thanks for your comment in this activity. Babies develop a social smile, have the ability to read emotions from a very early age, and demonstrate emotions. I wonder, what social skills do babies demonstrate/ possess? Being positive, sensitive and attentive , reciprocal can support an infant’s social-emotional development; I wonder, what else can infant teachers do to support infants’ social-emotional development? I wonder, what activities would teacher engage in? I wonder, did the baby in the video demonstrate any other milestones besides looking at the adults? How does your comment connect to the readings and video in this activity?
1. The aspects of an infant’s social development are sharing and participation. The elements of a baby’s emotional development are displaying self-control, shows affection to familiar people and likes to look at themselves in the mirror.
2. What babies could do socially and emotionally is being able to express their feelings, do facial expressions and mimic what adults do around them. They start becoming more aware what behavior upsets their parents. They hold up their hands and legs when they’re getting dressed or undressed.
What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
3. Infant teachers should do to support a baby’s social-emotional development is:
– encouraging them to try new things
– read a story to them
– establishing daily routines
– establishing rules
4. The baby in the video demonstrates the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old by shaking her head to say “no”, focusing on her dad and the movements he does. The baby also laughs and smiles.
Brenda — Thanks for your comment. Participating & sharing are important elements of social development while self-control, affection, and looking at oneself in the mirror are important elements of emotional development. I wonder, what are other elements of social-emotional development for babies? To support infant social-emotional development, infant teachers can be encouraging and have consistent routines; I wonder, what else can infant teachers do to support babies’ social-emotional development. The baby shook her head, focused on faces, and laughed, I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the video and readings in this activity?
1)The aspects of an infant’s social development are how they are able to read people emotions, while the elements of a baby’s emotional development are self-control and how they respond to familiar faces.
2)What Babies can do socially and emotionally would be them expressing their feelings not only that but also use their face to show face expressions like copying someone doing a mad face and etc.Express sad, anger, happy feelings.
3)Infant teachers should do to support a baby’s social emotional development would be to encourage them into doing new things, some story time so they can familiar
4)In the video the baby demonstrates the development of milestones for a 2 month-old because when the father speaks to her she responds with face expressions by smiling and moving her arm.
Lesly — Thanks for your comment in this module. Reading people’s emotions and developing self-control are important elements of a baby’s social-emotional development; I wonder, what are other components/ elements? Babies can express emotions; I wonder, what else can they do socially and emotionally? Encouraging babies and reading stories can support social-emotional development; I wonder, what else can infant teachers do to support baby’s social emotional development? The baby in the video responds with facial expressions, smiling, and moving her arms; I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the video and readings in this activity?
1.- One of the aspects of Infant’s social development are the Relationships with others. When the baby’s needs have been met, a bond of trust with his parents is developed. The video “Social and Emotional Development” emphasize the Theory “Trust vs Mistrust” by Erick Erikson, which begins at birth to 18 months. It goes depending on how the needs are met by the caregiver. For example: If the baby is fed when he is hungry, he will develop a sense of trust. On the contrary, if a baby feels mistrustful, he will view the world unfriendly, and it would be very difficult for him to create bonds with others. In accordance, Wittmer states “When children have warm, caring, and positive relationships with their caregivers, they show a higher level of social competence” (17).
Another aspect that was mentioned in the video is “Personality and Temperament in Infants,” which affects the infants Social and Emotional Growth. The baby’s personality and the relationship they have with others is heavily influenced by the baby’s temperament. For instance, a baby can be:
-Easy. – happy baby, is not difficult to form relationships with caregivers
-Difficult. – baby is loud and intense, insecure attachment impacts the relationship with the caregiver
-Slow to warm babies. – Tend to be inactive, they are shy but aware of surroundings.
One important aspect to consider about the baby’s emotional development is “Emotions”. Starting from birth, babies learn who they are based on the interactions that they have with their caregivers. At the same time, those interaction can help them to develop their self-esteem. According to the video “Social and Emotional Development,” babies express different types of emotions. The range of emotions can be positive affectivity (baby respond with happiness and by being enthusiastic) or negative affectivity (baby respond with fear, anger, and anxiety).
Starting from birth, infants can fell happiness, distress, or interest
2-3 months, infants react to other people’ emotions (express social smiles)
4 months, infants can present spontaneous laughs
4-6 months, they begin to distinguish emotional expressions of others, they begin to mimic what they see. They sense the tone in the parent’s voice. “tones with facial expressions”
7-10 months, infants present “separation anxiety”, babies look for a familiar face to feel safe.
9-10 months, they are highly emotional, shift from one emotion to another very quickly
11-12 months, they begin to develop strategies to regulate emotions
1 year. Infants understand outdoor expressions of emotions relate to internal feelings.
2.- What can babies do socially and emotionally?
Babies start making sense of the world through interactions with caregivers. As babies create bonds with their parents and caregiver, the interactions become more personal and engaging. The video “Social and Emotional Development” talked about the “Theory of attachment,” this theory presents 4 states that babies go through as they form bonds with their caregivers.
1.- Pre attachment. – birth to 6 weeks (babies don’t show preferences between caregivers)
2.- Attachment in the making. – 6 weeks – 6 months (babies show preference for familiar individuals)
3.- Clear Cut Attachment. – 6 months – 2 years (Babies will protest when a caregiver leaves, show distress when separate.
4.- Formal reciprocal relationship with caregivers. – 2 years and older.
Babies regulate their emotions, Darling- Bohlander state “For young children, mastery of emotional regulation begins with experiencing emotions, then moves to understanding those emotions, and finally to developing the ability to control or regulate their emotions and the behaviors they use to express them.” (94) Self-regulation is a process in which children learn how to regulate, Elliott & Gonzalez-Mena state, “If we respond with anger to a child’s anger or with impatience to a child’s sadness, children don’t learn to respect these feelings. Our calm response to children’s sadness and anger helps children accept these feelings and find ways to live with them” (29).
3.- In order to support a baby’s social-emotional development, teachers should be good observers and understand the emotions express by infants and give a quick calm response.
If we see a baby crying, we should approach to him and tell him “you look upset, don’t worry I’m going to help you”
While talking to an infant, we should show babies facial expressions.
4.- How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old?
I think is a very sweet video that shows the interaction between a father and his baby. In this case the baby demonstrates the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old such as: reacts to her father by receiving a social smile. In addition, the baby demonstrates spontaneous laughs and mimics the emotional cues that she sees in her father.
Marcela — Thanks for your comment in this module. You wove material from the readings and video into your comment. You describe many elements of infant social-emotional development. In addition to being observant, understanding emotions, giving a quick & calm response, and using facial expressions, I wonder what else infant teachers can do to support baby’s social-emotional development. The baby in the video offers a social smile and mimics the adults behavior; I wonder, what other milestones does the baby meet — physical, language, cognitive, etc.?
1.What are the aspects or elements of infant’s social development? What are the aspects or elements of a baby’s emotional development?
An aspects of infant’s social development is participation and being able to read people’s facial expression. An element of a baby’s emotional development is self-control and showing affection to people who are familiar to them.
2.What can babies do socially and emotionally?
Babies are able to express their feelings by facial expressions and copying what adults around them do. Babies observer their parents and know what gets them upset. For example, when they are getting dressed babies would keep their hands up or even cry because their surrounding may be cold. Babies would smile and show expression.
3. What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
Infant teachers should support a baby’s social-emotional development by:
-keep an eye on the baby when they are upset
-encourage them to try new things
-try reading to them
-interact with the babies
4. How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old?
In the video it demonstrates the development milestone for a 2-month-old by showing us how the baby is able to shake her head “no” and she is keeping her eyes on her dad and coping his movements by smiling and laughing.
Madelin — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Being able to read facial expressions, developing self-control, and showing affection are important elements of infant social-emotional development; I wonder, what are other components of infant social-emotional development? Imitating family’s actions and showing emotion are 2 social and emotional skills that babies demonstrate: I wonder, what are other social-emotional skills babies demonstrate? You listed several activities infant teachers can use to support infant social-emotional development; I wonder, what are other activities infant teachers could engage in that have not been mentioned yet? The baby in the video smiles at the adult; I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate? I wonder, how did your comment connect to the video and readings in this activity?
1. What are the aspects or elements of infant’s social development? What are the aspects or elements of a baby’s emotional development?
– When children have warm, loving and positive relationships with their caregivers, children show a higher level of social development and also the way adults treat young children is important for their emotional and social development. Some social and emotional aspects are self-soothing, self-control, understand people emotions and expressions.
2. What can babies do socially and emotionally?
– Express their feelings, imitating facial expressions, calm themselves, makes eye contact, develop an awareness of their surroundings, enjoy looking at self in the mirror and may show fear around stranger people or objects.
3. What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
– Be a model of emotions and behaviors
– Read stories
– Be responsive to child’s emotions
– Encourage them to try new things
4. How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old?
– The baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2- month old by shaking her head, paying attention to her father’s facial expressions, waving her arms, smiling, and showing her emotions.
Daniela — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Understanding emotions/ expressions, developing self-control, and being able to self-soothe are important elements of infant social-emotional development. I wonder, what are other elements of infant social-emotional development? You created a list of what babies can do that demonstrates their social-emotional development; I wonder, what else can babies 0-18 months old do that shows their social-emotional development? You have a list of activities that teachers could do to support babies’ social-emotional development; I wonder, what else can infant teachers do to support babies’ social-emotional development that has not yet been mentioned? You identified several milestones the baby in the video demonstrated; I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate — motor, social-emotional, cognitive and language? I wonder, how does your comment connect to the readings in this activity?
1. What are the aspects or elements of an infant’s social development? What are the aspects or elements of a baby’s emotional development?
Aspects of a baby’s social development:
• Stranger Reaction
• Attachment(Strong emotional bonds between people)
• Separation Anxiety
Aspects of a baby’s emotional development
• Ability to stay focused( Attention)
• Temperament ( Various traits, e.g., persistence, activity level)
• Demonstrates Independence
2. What can babies do socially and emotionally?
Socially, babies can react to strangers, create a sense of who they want to bond with. Emotionally, babies can express emotions with laughter, smiling, and crying and show independence by sleeping by themselves.
3. What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
• Make children understand there are consequences for bad behavior.
• Show while telling- talking to children about what they can and should do by using gestures and visual clues.
• Share looks, smiles, and stories.
• Holding and cuddling children on an often basis.
4. How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old?
Shaking her head and showing emotions
Diamunique — Thanks for your comment in this activity. Stranger reaction, attachment, separation anxiety, attention, temperament, and autonomy are components of infant social-emotional development; I wonder, what are other elements of infant social-emotional development? You listed behaviors that infants demonstrate socially and emotionally; I wonder, what are other skills/ behaviors that babies demonstrate related to social-emotional development? You listed practices teachers can use to support babies’ social-emotional development. I wonder, what else can teachers do to support babies social and emotional development? The baby in the video shook their head and showed emotions: I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate (cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, and physical)? I wonder, how does your reading connect to the readings and video in this activity?
1. What are the aspects or elements of an infant’s social development? What are the aspects or elements of a baby’s emotional development? The parts of infants social development are having the option to peruse people groups feelings and having the option to react with a social grin. The infant doesn’t seem like they have a nerves with others around. The newborn child is likewise ready to show their feelings as being glad. The child is likewise ready to jibber jabber a little because of individuals conversing with them.
2. What can babies do socially and emotionally? Express their emotions, impersonating outward appearances, quiet themselves, visually connects, build up an attention to their environmental factors, appreciate taking a gander at self in the mirror and may show dread around more unusual individuals or items.
3. What should infant teachers do to support a baby’s social-emotional development? List practices that have not been mentioned yet.
Be receptive to kid’s feelings
communicate with the infants
motivating them to attempt new things
mindful/attentive to their necessities
4. How does the baby in the video demonstrate the developmental milestones for a 2-month-old?
By showing facial expressions/emotions and moving her head/arms and hands.
Selanie — Thanks for your comment in this activity. A social smile, displaying & recognizing feelings, being a member of a group are components of infant social-emotional development; I wonder, what are other elements of infant social-emotional development? Expressing emotions, imitating others, self-soothing, self-identity, attention, and stranger anxiety are behaviors that infants demonstrate socially and emotionally; I wonder, what are other skills/ behaviors that babies demonstrate related to social-emotional development? Being mindful and present with a baby, being, receptive to a baby’s feelings, and communicating with babies are practices teachers can use to support babies’ social-emotional development. I wonder, what else can teachers do to support babies social and emotional development? The baby in the video showed emotions and moved their arms & legs; I wonder, what other milestones did the baby demonstrate (cognitive, social-emotional, language/ communication, & physical)? I wonder, how does your reading connect to the readings and video in this activity?
1. The aspects of infant social and emotional development starts at birth. The infant is learning to make sense of the world, through responsive and reflective care from the caregiver. The elements of this care involve emotional regulation and self-regulation of feelings. The infant’s behavior is guided through responsive care, as they experience emotions.
2. Babies can self-regulate their emotions by utilizing skill such as self-soothing when they are upset. Babies learn this when in the care of nurturing adults who are repeatedly responsive. According to Davis & Logsdon (2011)”When adults support infants’ and toddlers’ ability to regulate their emotional skills that maximizes young children’s chances for success later in preschool and beyond”. Infants can become aware of and accepting of their feelings when encouraged by their caregiver. This allows them to become capable of solving their problems, from the toddler’s perspective.
3. Infant teachers can support a baby’s social-emotional development by being nurturing and empathetic. The infant can encourage social interactions such as sharing of toys between infants, storytelling and sharing of snacks. When/if a conflict arrives, the infant teacher can encourage self-regulation when and where possible, as well as offer explanations to what is acceptable or not and why.
4. The baby in the video is demonstrating the developmental milestones of cooing, smiling, and mirroring the father’s facial expression. The baby does not want to sleep! The parents seem to be having fun with the baby, and so the baby is responding in kind by saying “no” to sleep. She is enjoying her father’s warm touch and shows it by smiling. She is using her physical skills by moving her arms and using cognition to mirror her daddy’s “no” face.