1) Describe the primary differences in the role of citizens in government, among the federal, confederation, and unitary systems.

The primary differences in the role of the citizens in government among the different systems like the federal system, Confederation system and unitary system would be that in the Federal System power is shared between a national government or local government, the citizens have a direct role they vote for representatives both national and regional levels giving them a say on the policies and laws, In the Confederation System the local government or the states hold most of the power, the central government has very limited authority, the citizens role is mostly interacting with their local government, the national decisions are made by agreements between the states, citizens don’t really have much direct influence over the central government. The Unitary System, the central government has most or all of the power the local governments are there but are controlled by the central authority, the citizens mainly engage with the national government and their local governments just implement the national policies, So the primary differences in the role of the citizens would be that in the Federal System the citizens have the role at both the regional and national levels, In the Confederation system citizens role would be mostly interacting with their local governments and the Unitary System the citizens mostly engage with the central government and their local governments have less power.

2) Briefly explain how you understand the system of division of power.

The system of “Division Power” would be how power is split between the different levels of the government like state, local or government the main idea would be to make sure that not one of the levels of government gets to powerful so it’s about how the power gets spread.

3) How does the federal government shape the actions of state and local governments? Write your answer based on doing a bit of research on how the federal government has influenced the actions of NY state and local governments, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

The Federal Government shape the actions of state and local governments by providing financial support, government provided billions in relief funding to help the local and state governments, local governments in New York would have faced bigger challenges if they did not get that funding during that time on top of other things like keeping essential services running, Federal Government also Shaped the pandemic response through public health guidelines the (CDC) or Centers for Disease Control and Prevention they issued recommendations on things like wearing masks, social distancing and reopening phases, this guidelines really made an impact to help shape how the New York state and local governments responded to the virus during the time, Also cooperation between states, New York with several neighboring states working together to prevent any issues and to ensure consistency on how different states were handling the pandemic, The Federal Government really played a major role by providing the Financial support, setting the health guidelines and encouraging the cooperation between the states.