1. The distinction that reading 4.3 makes between owners and employees is blurred somewhat by the range of payments within both classes. For example, an owner is looked upon as they are wealthy because they own the business, but an employee is looked at as they needed assistance therefore, they came to work with this business. It seems as if the owner is much superior to the employee because the owner owns the business and the employee is here to work. One similarity both parties have is that they still earn money but are not exactly the same. I also believe that they both have to pay taxes which makes it a similarity for both the owner and the employee. 

2. The quote that Adam Smith stated “labor … is alone the ultimate and real standard by which the value of all commodities can at all times and places be estimated and compared. It is their real price; money is their nominal price only.” (pg.28). From what I understand, I believe that Adam Smith is saying that when someone gets lucky to have the job that is giving them wealth, they should start a business and have employees work for them so that the employees can have a chance to taste the business wealth and to also help them. I also believe that what Adam Smith was saying he meant to cut down big businesses and create small businesses so that they can be useful. 

3. My thoughts on the main argument of reading 4.4 that class is not an identity are agreeable. I definitely agree that class is not an identity but of course, society draws it to be. For example when the author of reading 4.4 stated ‘by treating the class as just another identity—and holding that no identity plays any special role in structuring the distribution of power in society.” (ph 11). I noticed that the author made a point in the previous quote because when class is being defined as an identity, then people think that identity should define what kind of their social position should be economical and that is extremely wrong in my opinion. For instance, there can be white people who are wealthy and then black people that barely have any money. Then as exploring, we find a black group of people who are rich and a white group of people who are homeless, this will lead everyone to acknowledge that class does not have an identity.  It also had to do with whether they are in the LGBTQ group, and so much more. 

4. I understood the argument in reading 4.4 which stated that “class structures are built around a close form of dependency” I believe that this quote meant that for example, white people have their own class and blacks have their own class. So, therefore, this makes whoever is rich depend on each other. For instance, if the whites are much wealthier then, they will look at themselves as they have power over the low class.