1.) Repressive state apparatuses are institutions such as the police or army that force people into physical coercion. Althusser called it repressive because that can enforce behavior directly, such as the police and the criminal justice system. An example is through these ‘apparatuses’ the state has the power to force you physically to behave.

2.)Schools are ideological state apparatuses because they are mandatory, you are taught how to obey and when not to speak foul language and be respectful of everyone’s things and space, and if you refuse to obey you are removed from the class as a form of punishment. They work because students don’t want to get in trouble so they try to do their best to be on their best behavior.

3.)Repressive state apparatuses are based on securing by force (physical or otherwise) the political conditions of the reproduction of relations of production which are in the last resort relations of exploitation. Ideological State Apparatuses are secured, usually in contradictory forms, by the ruling ideology, the ideology of the ruling class. The difference between repressive and ideological state apparatuses is that ideological state apparatuses are based on reproduction, legitimation, and how to control people’s ideas, beliefs, and values. Reproduction is based on how it reproduces class inequality, failing each generation of working-class pupils in turn, and ensuring that they end up in the same kinds of jobs as their parents. the legitimation is based on legitimating class inequality, producing ideologies that disguise its true cause, trying to convince people that inequalities are inevitable, and how failure is the fault of the individual. The repressive state apparatuses difference is when necessary to protect the capitalist interest, the state uses force to repress the working class via the police, courts & army.