This assignment has 4 parts
Part 1: Over winter break BMCC wants to offer
- CPR & First Aid training
- Dignity for All Students (DASA) workshop
- Child Abuse Identification Training
- School Violence Prevention and Intervention Workshop
We need to know if enough people would be interested in participating in the free workshops. Complete this survey to indicate if you are interested in taking any of the free workshops.
Part 2: Go to FlipGrid (https://flipgrid.com/744a7aac your user name is your first name as it appears in CUNY First) to answer these questions:
For each expectation, explain which do you believe is normal (A or B). Why?
Expectation #1
- Babies can learn to sleep alone through the night; when depends on the baby & how the family handles the baby waking at night.
- Babies can’t be expected to sleep alone or sleep through the night. Putting a baby in a crib in another room is cruel. l.
Expectation #2
- Toilet training occurs during the 3rd year of life, when signs of readiness appear
- Infants can be toilet trained & out of diapers by their 1st birthday
Expectation #3
- ) Babies can be expected to make eye contact, which is a way of establishing intimacy & is part of attachment.
- Babies can be expected to make eye contact, but they must learn not to make eye contact with elders.
Expectation #4
- Toddlers have to come to see themselves as individuals who can possess objects before they can learn to share. They have to understand ownership.
- Toddlers have to understand that they are not individuals & that all possessions are shared. They can be expected to share from birth.
Part 3: Read Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) AND Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007); I suggest completing this handout as you read the articles.
GonzalezMena & Bhavnagri (2000)Im, Parlakian & Sanchez (2007)
Part 4:
1) Use Hypothesis to identify where Denise uses self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching. How is she demonstrating the skill you identify, as defined by Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007)?
2) Answer the questions following the scenario.
Denise, an infant teacher, was surprised to hear the mother of 9-month-old Sunil explain that she had begun potty-training her son. Denise’s immediate reaction was that 9 months was too early! She felt that potty training should begin at 2, at the earliest. This is what Denise learned in her classes and training. And it’s what she did with her own children.
But Denise also knew that this family was from a culture different from her own. Sunil’s parents had recently moved to the U.S. from India. She knew this might mean the family used child-rearing strategies that were different from the ones she had learned.
Denise wondered what Sunil’s mother meant by “toilet training.” Denise learned from Sunil’s mother that “toilet training” for her meant she held him over the toilet several times during the day. Then she made a “psssshhh” sound. This gently encouraged him to urinate. She made clear that Sunil is relaxed and enjoys being held comfortably by his mother when she does this. She never held him over the toilet once he showed signs of being restless. She also never worried about it if he did not urinate. Sooner or later, she explained, Sunil would learn to go when he was held over the toilet. She wanted Denise to try this at the program as well. She offered to show Denise exactly how she uses this technique. Denise agreed.
Denise said that she was worried about this taking a lot of time. She thought that on some days, it might be hard for her to take this time with Sunil. They agreed to try things out for a week and then talk about how it was going. Denise also offered Sunil’s mother information on the Western approach to toilet training. Sunil’s mother and Denise talked about how they each have learned a different way to help children get ready to use the toilet. At the same time they both agreed that children should not be forced to use the toilet before they are ready.
- How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response.
- How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
- When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
- Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
1. How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response>
2. How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
3. When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
4. Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
1. Answer: I do believe culturally was told and also help in this situation because Denise learned that in Sunil’s parents country in India they potty-train differently which shows in text how “ Diverse people not only do things differently but they perceive things differently too” (Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000 pg3). For self-knowledge which was also taught in this situation because Denise learned about there culture which she was aware of and help come to understanding in the text it states how “Such as knowledge can help teachers provide care and support that honor celebrate families cultures” (2007 Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez pg3).
2. Answer: I do believe the response when Denise first heard 9months made the family feel uncomfortable but as the conversation kept going they did come to mutual understanding.
3. Answer: Many children show signs of being ready for potty training between ages 18 and 24 months. However, others might not be ready until they’re 3 years old. There’s no rush. I do believe 3is great age to start right before day-care / preschool. The reason I say preschool or daycare is because at school, toddler sees your children visiting the bathroom, which can create a powerful incentive and example and make others wants to go.
4. Answer: My infant study child is 7months so not yet I have not asked mom about potty training yet.
Janate — Thanks for your comment. You connected material from both of the readings to your post. It is important for teachers to recognize our backgrounds and biases — because we all have them — which is the foundation of self-knowledge. Once we know who we are, then we are able begin to think embrace others for their diversity. Following natural rhythms versus a set schedule involves more then potty training. I wonder, what do we look for to determine if a family follow a child’s natural rhythms or a set schedule? I wonder, how do you think Denise’s response to working with Sunil’s family and her willingness to learn Sunil’s family’s practices regarding toilet training impacts the relationships between Denise & Sunil’s family?
1) How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response>
Answer: Culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother when she asked Sunil mother what she meant by “toilet trained” Denise learned from Sunil’s mother that “toilet training” for her meant she held him over the toilet several times during the day. which shows that ” talking to families about their cultural practices, traditions, and beliefs provides the message that they are valued……..Teachers need to be open to and accepting of different ways caring and teaching…….” (Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez ,2007 p. 2). Also Denise and Sunil’s mother talked about how they each have learned a different way to help children get ready to use the toilet. She uses reflective thinking because ” individuals should be encouraged to give active, persistent, and careful consideration to any apparent form of knowledge and beliefs in light of the grounds thats support it and the conclusions that are drawn for it” (Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri,2000 p. 4)
2) How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
Answer: i think that the Denise response of being shock and a little confused on why Sunil mother potty-trained him so early affected her relationship in a good way i guess because Denise didn’t understand the reason behind of and the fact the Sunil mother explained the reason and suggested that Denise should apply this to her program shows that they have open-honest conversations, respect and understanding
with each other and learning from each other cultural beliefs and culture will benefit the children and their families.
3) When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
Answer: honestly i don’t think their a right age to potty train however, i think between 10 months to 3 years old is appropriate. But it all depends on the child and the parents but it mostly depends on the child. if he/she is ready to take that next step and if so, you should encourage them and teach them but if they are not ready do not force them wait until they give you some sort of sign that shows that they are ready.
4) Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
Answer: i didn’t ask specifically if or when the mother set a schedule for her infant to start potty-trained but i asked when the time comes how would she handle the situation and what she would do.
Lacoya — Thanks for your comment. You identified 2 comments from the readings about culturally informed teaching to embed in your response to question 1. Having open, honest dialogue with families where you are interested in learning what a family does to provide individualized routines that are seamless from home and in the classroom. Set schedules or natural rhythms involves more then just potty training. I wonder, what do we look for to determine if a family follows the child’s natural rhythms or a set schedule?
1) Self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, and culturally informed helped Denise in working with Sunil and his mother because, Denise realized that the family had recently moved to the U.S from India and understood that there would be a cultural difference in potty-training. “When sensitive caregivers meet individual needs, they also may be meeting cultural needs, however without specific information, caregivers can inadvertently use practices that undermine parents’ efforts and tread on cultural values” (Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavangri 2000). Denise understood the parents’ cultural perspective, but also thought it would be better to have a conversation based on the practices on potty-training Sunil. “Before we as teachers can address the needs of very young children, we must first become more aware of our own cultural beliefs and practices” ( Im Parlakian & Sanchez 2007).
2) I think the response affected their relationship because now Denise and Sunil’s mother can engage in conversations on the benefit of Sunil’s development in school.
3) I feel like there should not be any rush for potty-training, but I believe around the age of 2- 3 is where we should begin the process seeing as they would be in school.
4) My infant child is still wearing diapers.
Tamia — Thanks for your comment. Your response to question #1 captures the importance of self-knowledge, cultural sensitivity, and culturally informed teaching. Infant teachers who engage in open and honest communication where they are willing to learn from families, foster trust and build relationships with families. Natural rhythms or set schedules do not specifically connect to toilet training/ learning. I wonder, what do infant teachers look for when determining if a family follows the child’s natural rhythms or a set schedule?
How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response>
At first Denise thought potty training at 9 months was weird and unheard of, however when she reflected she realized that they are both from different cultures. In the mena it states ” We’d like to suggest that the place to start in this situation is to look for the reasons behind the mothers actions” and I think this is what Denise did. The important thing is to always reflect on what you say and how you think. This helped Denise because she was able to understand the family and learn something new and can incorporate this for the family. In the Sanchez reading the infant teachers need to share their knowledge so they can both work effectively. Both infant teachers are depending on their self knowledge which some things I agree with. They should sit down and talk about things they can both do, so kids can have a better positive outcome and not learn two different things in one classroom.
How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
It sounds like the family wasn’t offended, in fact I still think their was positive outcomes.
When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
After 2 is the right time to potty train, however each child is different. It all depends where the child is at.
Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
The child is only about 5 months however the mom said she will start potty training when she notices dry diapers through the night.
Cindy — Thanks for your comment. Infant teachers should reflect on what they know about themselves and their interactions in situations. Working collaboratively with families — so infant teachers can learn from families. Infant teachers learn a family’s practices so they can offer baby’s individualized routines that are seamless/ the same as home. Whether a family follows a child’s natural routines or a set schedule is based on many factors other than toilet learning. I wonder, how an infant teacher can determine if a family follows a child’s natural rhythms or a set schedule?
How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response>
– Self Knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity or cultural informed teaching helped Denise with Sunil and his mother because Denise had learned that Sunil family recently moved to the U.S and they have different strategies to potty train their children. Denise and Sunil mother were communicating and worked together to learn from one another. This showed culturally informed teaching because both were willing to learn different strategies.
How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
– I think the family did not take her response as a insult. They actually began a relationship and they both helped one another.
When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
– I fee like as soon as the baby is walking you can start potty training, some babies are more advanced then others and they are able to use the restroom alone at a young age.
Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
– The family is following a schedule because the baby is 10 moths and they believe she should be able to used the restroom soon, so they are enforcing it now.
Tamaris — Thanks for your comment. Denise was willing and open to learn new practices on how to toilet train an infant. When infant teachers are open, willing to learn, engage in honest dialogue with families, and do not have an agenda to “be right”, they build trust and relationships with families. Determining if a family follows a set schedule or a child’s natural rhythms involves more then toilet training. I wonder, how can an infant teacher determine if a family follows a set schedule or a child’s natural rhythms?
Self knowledge, reflective thinking and culturally informed teaching helped denise in working with Sunil and his mother because she was accepting in the fact that their culture was different than the ones she was used to seeing. Denise did not think twice on trying to work with a new change of teaching, she was open minded with everything. Sunil’s mother gave all the information Denise needed to participate in Sunil’s toilet training experience. Denise’s response affected Sunil and his mother in a positive way. Denise was able to learn something from a different culture and Sunil and his mother was able to confide and trust denise in continuing what he is taught at home, in school. The right time to potty train is as soon as children can walk. Every child is different and learn at different ages but it does not hurt to start as early as you can so they can start learning. My daughter started potty training at 2-3 years old and my son at 1-2 years old. I started teaching them once they started walking at 10 to 11 months old but they felt comfortable at different times and that is okay as long as they are taught the concept of potty training. I do not know the potty training process of the family I interviewed but the baby was still in diapers.
1. How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response.
Reflective thinking helped Denise in working with Sunil and his mother by reflecting on her own knowledge about potty training and recognizing others perspective and cultural difference in potty training( Parlakian-Sanchez 2007). Doing so can allow teachers like Denise to effectively support the children and the family in and out of the classroom. I would also like to add the fact that both voices were heard to come to a mutual agreement on how to approach this which shows a great reflective strategy that was taken (Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri 2000).
2. How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
I think Denise’s response was appropriate and direct and if anything, only made her relationship with Sunil and her family stronger because of how she approached this incident. Made Sunil feel heard and there was a mutual understanding and communication.
3. When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
I think the right time is when the child feels comfortable and ready to use the potty and when they can understand the urge of going to the bathroom. Some experiences in my life that might influence potty training is the urgency of being potty trained. For example, to be accepted in some care facility most places require children to be potty trained, and for a working parent/s it is necessary for their children to be potty trained to be placed somewhere while they are at work.
4. Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
The family from my case study does follow a set schedule/routine for the child’s natural rhythms because of how she described her day to day schedule with a specific time and activity to go along with it. She makes sure the infant gets what she needs while also making sure it fits in with her own needs.
1) How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response.
Denise showed self knowledge when she respectfully allowed Sunil’s mother show her how toilet training is done. This connects to Parlakian and Sanchez reading because they provide information about self knowledge which means “a thorough understanding of one’s own cultural roots and group affiliations”(Parlakian & Sanchez pg. 1). Cultural sensitivity is shown on paragraph on the 2nd paragraph of the reading. Although Denise found it surprising that a 9 month old baby was being taught how to potty train but she quickly remembered that each family and culture is different. On Gonzalez- Mena & Bhavnagri article explains how cultural sensitivity is looked at which is when a caregiver is actually opened minded to about other families cultural differences.
2) How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
Her response was actually a positive one because Denise decided to learn the culture way of learning how Sunil’s family toilet train Sunil. She even considered putting in her time, although it would be difficult, to respect the family’s needs.
3)When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
There is no right time to start potty training a child. Parent’s can try to enforce their child as young as 8 months and older to potty train but it is honestly all up to the child. I started potty training my son at 8 months but he ain’t learn until his 3.
4) Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
The child of my infant/family case study is following a set schedule. Feeding time happens at the same time and after feeding time her mother await’s about 30 minutes before she places her baby on a potty toilet to try and teach the baby what the toilet is used for.
1)How did self-knowledge, reflective thinking, cultural sensitivity, or culturally informed teaching help Denise in working with Sunil and his mother? Refer to both to the Gonzalez-Mena & Bhavnagri (2000) and Im, Parlakian, & Sanchez (2007) readings in your response.
Denise’s cultural sensitivity helped with working with Sunil and his mother because she was showing respect and tried her best to understand his culture. Denise reflective dialogue was used when she was talking to mom about trying for a week and see if it is working out and then they can come back and try different solutions. Denise was making sure that was making sure both parties were feeling comfortable aside from her own beliefs.
2)How do you think Denise’s response affected her relationship with Sunil and his family?
I think Denise handle the situation very well and professionally. Denise knew that the family’s beliefs were different but she looked for ways to incorporate the culture in her decisions.
3)When do you think the “right” time is to start potty training? What experiences in your life might have influenced your thinking about this issue?
I believe that potty training should be introduced as soon as the child is starting to move. Between the first and second year. My mom by my second birthday got me out of diapers and my mom told me it took a lot of patience and talking to let me know is okay when I peeped on myself but that I needed to tell her when I need to pee.
4)Is the family of your Infant/Family Case Study following a set schedule or the child’s natural rhythms? How do you know? Give evidence to support your answer.
The family of my infant case study seems to be following the child’s natural rhythms. I know this because baby ZO who is 8 months was being breastfeed and mom let her stay on the breast until she wanted. For example, if baby ZO ate an hour ago and she is looking for the breast again mom will give it to her and leave her until she is ready to come off.