Descriptive Statistics and Data Visualization

This study uses data from 2000 to 2021.
Table 1: Descriptive Statistics of the Crime

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Serious crime ratestatisticspropertystatisticsviolentstatistics
Mean9.68Mean6.32Mean3.36
Standard Error0.527636238Standard Error0.444297198Standard Error0.116619
Median9.3Median5.9Median3.4
Mode9.3Mode#N/AMode3.1
Standard Deviation1.179830496Standard Deviation0.993478737Standard Deviation0.260768
Sample Variance1.392Sample Variance0.987Sample Variance0.068
Kurtosis3.646050089Kurtosis2.935394167Kurtosis-1.81228
Skewness1.742226206Skewness1.689538697Skewness0.163544
Range3.1Range2.5Range0.6
Minimum8.6Minimum5.5Minimum3.1
Maximum11.7Maximum8Maximum3.7
Sum48.4Sum31.6Sum16.8
Count5Count5Count5

As per 1000 residents, the serious crimes had mean of 9.68, median of 9.3 and mode of 9.3. The
crime on property had mean, median and mode values of 6.32, 5.9 and N/A respectively. The violent
crime rates had mean, median and mode of 3.36, 3.4 and 3.1 respectively.
From figure 1 below, it can be see clearly that there was a slight drop in all the crime rates in year 2010.
However, from 2020 to 2021, the crime rate is gradually increasing.

200020062010201920202021

Years

0
2
4
6
8
10
12
14

Crime and Incarceration

Serious crime rate (per 1,000 residents)
Serious crime rate, property (per 1,000 residents)
Serious crime rate, violent (per 1,000 residents)

Figure 1: Line Graph of Crime and Incarceration

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0100200300400500200020062010201920202021UnitsYears
DevelopmentUnits authorized by new residential building permitsUnits issued new certificates of occupancy

Figure 2: Line Graph of the Development
As per figure 2 above, the units authorized by new residential building permits increased from
2000 up to the 2006. There was a decrease from 2006 to 2019, but then they hiked sharply up to 2021.
The units issued new certificates of occupancy decreased from 2000 up to 2006. The units increased
gradually from 2006 to 2010. From 2010 to 2019, the units issued new certificates of occupancy
increased steeply but decreased between 2019 and 2020.

200020062010201920202021

Years

$0
$200,000
$400,000
$600,000
$800,000
$1,000,000
$1,200,000
$1,400,000
$1,600,000
$1,800,000

Sales – Median Prices

Median sales price per unit, 1 family building (2021$)
Median sales price per unit, 2-4 family building (2021$)
Median sales price per unit, 5+ family building (2021$)
Median sales price per unit, condominium (2021$)

Figure 3: Line Graph of the Median Sale Prices
Figure 3 above shows median sale prices of different buildings. The median price of 1 family
building sharply increased between 2010 and 2019, and then dropped gradually between 2019 and 2020
before beginning to increasing gradually between 2020 and 2021. The price was highest in 2021.

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The sale median price per unit for 2-4 family building increases gradually from 2006 to 2019. It
then decreases from 2019 to 2021. The price is highest in 2021. The median sale price for 5+ was low in
2010; from 2010 to 2019 it increased. From 2019 to 2021, the prices decrease gradually. The price is
highest in 2019. Considering the condominium, the prices dropped gradually between 2006 and 2010. It
then increased between 2010 and 2021. The price is highest in 2019.

200020062010201920202021

Year

0
100
200
300
400
500
600
700

Sale house price index

Index of housing price appreciation, 1 family building
Index of housing price appreciation, 2-4 family building
Index of housing price appreciation, 5+ family building
Index of housing price appreciation, condominium
Index of housing price appreciation, all property types

Figure 4: Line Graph of the Sale House Price Index
As per the figure 4 above, the index of 1 family building was highest in 2021. The index for the 2-
4 family building was highest in 2019. Considering the index of 5+ building, it was highest in 2020. The
index of the condominium was highest in 2021. The index of all property type was highest in 2019.

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References

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