Overview
This week we will focus on the last crop of theories. We will begin by focusing on labeling theory. Then, we will proceed in identifying the difference between mainstream and critical criminology. Finally, we will discuss feminist criminology.
The labeling theory will be the first focus of the week. Originating in the mid-to-late-1960s in the United States at a moment of tremendous political and cultural conflict, labeling theorists brought to center stage the role of government agencies, and social processes in general, in the creation of deviance and crime. We will also learn about ideas proposed by John Braithwaite on reintegrative shaming.
The critical perspectives, including conflict criminology, new critical criminology, postmodernism, and radical—Marxist—criminology are discussed. Multiple theories describe the role of the state, political actors, and/or capitalism in creating a culture of conflict. New critical criminology describes left realism, peacemaking, and postmodernism. Discussion of the critical theories ends with a description of radical or Marxist criminology, which emphasizes the role of capitalism in creating opportunities for crime. Consequently, those of lower socioeconomic status are criminalized to a much greater extent than others.
In this last week of the semester, we will finally focus on feminist theories in criminology. Feminist theories in criminology insist that women’s deviance was worthy of academic inquiry and contributes to our understanding of women as victims, offenders, and practitioners of the criminal justice system. The theories underscore gender differences in crime and present distinct perspectives on feminist criminology including liberal and critical/radical.
Labeling Theories
Learning Objectives
By the end of the week, you will be able to:
- Discuss primary and secondary deviance.
- Summarize the foundational ideas of labeling theory.
- Describe the basic assumptions of labeling theory.
- Describe reintegrative shaming according to John Braithwaite.
- Evaluate the research and criticism s of labeling theory.
Workflow
Reading
Chapter 10: Labeling Theory. In Tierney, John. Key Perspectives in Criminology, McGraw-Hill Education, 2009. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bmcc/reader.action?docID=480635&ppg=101
Download the chapter here:
Key_Perspectives_in_Criminology_-_10_Labelling_Theory-1