1. Two key concepts in this video are the means of production and labor. In your comment, explain how you understand the means of production and labor. Give an example of each.

        The way I understand the means of production and labor is that means of production equal labor. Means of production is how much work you put into an organization that is privately owned. Labor connects to this because labor is what you sell to the owner of a privately owned organization. An example of labor can be the time you put in working as a cashier. While you are cashiering you make the money you take home but you still have to keep working until the end of your shift for the money the company keeps. In a successful business you will make 3 times what you are getting paid for that day, but only take home ⅓ of that part. The means of production would be who you are working for and how you sell your labor to them. 

2. Another important concept in understanding social class is value. Based on the ideas presented in Video 5.1, what is value?  What give “value” to value, what makes something valuable? 

      According to the video, value is measured by how much labor it takes to produce something under normal circumstances. What makes something valuable is the amount of time and dedication you spend making such things. “Pre-training” or education can give more value to something because it is also the labor you have put in to get something out of it. 

3. How are labor and value related? What’s the relationship/connection between the two?

        Labor and value are related because you have to put labor into something to make it valuable. Labor and time itself can also be valuable depending on your expertise. An example I can think of is school or experience. The longer you spend in school or in the company the more value your work will have. 

4. How do you understand the difference between labor and labor power? Hint:this is a key difference, give it your best shot based on what the video says about it, and your own ideas. We’ll clarify and develop it in our discussions, and in my video comments.

       The difference to me between labor and labor power is that labor can to me is any work you put in whether personal or for others. Labor can also mean schooling. Labor power has a more in-depth definition. For firsts it can only be found in people and it is renting out your time to labor for someone else. For labor power you need things like clothing, food and shelter which are the reasons you work but the rest of your work goes to who you’re working for. 

5. Surplus Value: what is it? Why is it important to know about, in our study of social classes? Think about an example of surplus value?

       Surplus value is the labor you put in that only benefits your boss. This means that you make the products and only your boss receives the profit. Of course you get paid, but your work is way more valuable than what you are getting paid. Surplus value is important to know in our study of social classes because there is a trend within classes where some benefit from surplus value and others don’t. An example of surplus value can be the scenario I gave in my answer for question 1 about the cashier. She can bring home ⅓ or less if the money she receives in the cash register while

1. Two key concepts in this video are the means of production and labor. In your comment, explain how you understand the means of production and labor. Give an example of each.

        The way I understand the means of production and labor is that means of production equal labor. Means of production is how much work you put into an organization that is privately owned. Labor connects to this because labor is what you sell to the owner of a privately owned organization. An example of labor can be the time you put in working as a cashier. While you are cashiering you make the money you take home but you still have to keep working until the end of your shift for the money the company keeps. In a successful business you will make 3 times what you are getting paid for that day, but only take home ⅓ of that part. The means of production would be who you are working for and how you sell your labor to them. 

2. Another important concept in understanding social class is value. Based on the ideas presented in Video 5.1, what is value?  What give “value” to value, what makes something valuable? 

      According to the video, value is measured by how much labor it takes to produce something under normal circumstances. What makes something valuable is the amount of time and dedication you spend making such things. “Pre-training” or education can give more value to something because it is also the labor you have put in to get something out of it. 

3. How are labor and value related? What’s the relationship/connection between the two?

        Labor and value are related because you have to put labor into something to make it valuable. Labor and time itself can also be valuable depending on your expertise. An example I can think of is school or experience. The longer you spend in school or in the company the more value your work will have. 

4. How do you understand the difference between labor and labor power? Hint:this is a key difference, give it your best shot based on what the video says about it, and your own ideas. We’ll clarify and develop it in our discussions, and in my video comments.

       The difference to me between labor and labor power is that labor can to me is any work you put in whether personal or for others. Labor can also mean schooling. Labor power has a more in-depth definition. For firsts it can only be found in people and it is renting out your time to labor for someone else. For labor power you need things like clothing, food and shelter which are the reasons you work but the rest of your work goes to who you’re working for. 

5. Surplus Value: what is it? Why is it important to know about, in our study of social classes? Think about an example of surplus value?

       Surplus value is the labor you put in that only benefits your boss. This means that you make the products and only your boss receives the profit. Of course you get paid, but your work is way more valuable than what you are getting paid. Surplus value is important to know in our study of social classes because there is a trend within classes where some benefit from surplus value and others don’t. An example of surplus value can be the scenario I gave in my answer for question 1 about the cashier. She can bring home ⅓ or less if the money she receives in the cash register while 

1. Means of production include raw materials, For example, if I sell a chicken sandwich on the facebook marketplace, my means of production would include bread, chicken, butter, cheese, oven, cooking skills. If I want to sell my chicken sandwich online, I would need to use facebook marketplace, which is privately owned. This is called capitalist production. Labor is the general term for the basic human’s ability to do work that is useful for the society. Labor increases the value of what I have. For example, if I take those raw materials for my chicken sandwich and use my cooking skills to prepare my labor adds value to the ingredients. The result is a chicken sandwich which has a higher value than the individual raw materials.
2. A value is measured by how much labor takes to produce under normal circumstances. Time gives value to value. Labor power makes something valuable.
3. How are labor and value related? What’s the relationship/connection between the two?
4. Labor and value are related in the production of a product. The value of the product is directly proportional to how much effort and labor are involved.
5. Labor is the general term for the basic human’s ability to do work that is useful for the society. Labor power is exchanging one’s labor for money.
6. Surplus value is the profit. It is important because the owner gets the profit, not the working class who puts their labor. For example, a factory worker is employed to assemble iphones. The value of the worker’s labor is determined by hourly wage. However, the iphones they produce is sold in the market for a much higher price than the cost of labor and raw materials.

tools, and materials required for the generation of the product under labor with schematic procedures. They include raw materials, machines, tools, money, workshops, factories, and workforces combined. Through labor, individuals create a product with significant value for the consumer system that is greatly used and generates a great amount of money by their selling-buying.

Value is the importance or worthiness of something . What gives value to value is surplus value . It is profit and increases twice. What makes something valuable is the time being used not the effort.

Value and labor are associated since labor is the source of value and the additional time invested enhances the value of the finished product.

The amount of time needed to make the product is the distinction between labor and labor power. Working a 9–5 job, for instance, requires you to invest your time and energy in your work in exchange for pay.

The double rise in your profit is known as surplus value. value that was added to the starting point. You work four hours (9–1) but don’t leave until five. Four more hours are added to the time you worked, which translates to more money—but not for you, but for the employer.

1.The means of production refers to the resources and facilities used to produce goods and services. For example, in a factory, the means of production would include machinery, tools, and raw
materials. Labor, on the other hand, refers to the human effort exerted in the production process. An example of labor would be the work done by factory workers operating the machinery to manufacture products.

2.Value, in the context of social class, refers to the worth or significance attributed to goods and services within a society. It is often determined by factors such as demand, utility, and scarcity. Something gains value when it fulfills a need or desire within a society and is scarce enough to require effort to obtain.

3.Labor and value are closely related because labor is one of the factors that contribute to the creation of value. The amount of labor required to produce a good or service influences its value. Additionally, the value of labor itself is determined by factors such as skill level, demand for the labor, and prevailing wage rates.

4.The difference between labor and labor power lies in their
conceptualization within Marxist theory. Labor refers to the actual physical or mental work exerted by individuals in the production process. On the other hand, labor power refers to the capacity or ability of individuals to perform labor. In other words, labor power is the potential for work that individuals possess, while labor is the actual manifestation of that potential during the production process.

5.Surplus value is the additional value produced by workers beyond the value of their labor power, which is appropriated by the capitalist class as profit. It is important to understand surplus value in the study of social classes because it highlights the exploitation inherent in capitalist production relations, where workers are paid less than the value they produce. An example of surplus value would be a worker producing $100 worth of goods in a day but being paid only $50 in wages, with the remaining $50 being retained as profit by the capitalist employer.

1) The means of production refers to the resources, infrastructure, and technology required to produce goods and services. For instance, in a manufacturing setting, the means of production could include factories, machinery, raw materials, and land. Labor, on the other hand, represents the human effort and work put into the production process. An example of labor could be the workers employed in the manufacturing plant operating machinery and assembling products.

2) Value, in the realm of social class, pertains to the worth or significance assigned to goods, services, or resources within a society. It is often determined by factors such as supply and demand, utility, scarcity, and social perceptions.

3) The “value” of something is derived from various factors including its utility, scarcity, demand, and the amount of labor required for its production. For instance, a rare piece of art may have high value due to its scarcity and cultural significance, while a basic commodity like water may have value due to its essential utility for survival. Labor and value are closely related as the value of goods and services often depends on the amount and type of labor invested in their production. The more labor-intensive a process is, the higher the value of the end product tends to be.

4) Labor refers to the physical or mental effort exerted by individuals in the production of goods and services. Labor power, however, refers to the capacity of individuals to perform labor, which includes their skills, abilities, and knowledge that can be utilized in the production process.

5) Surplus value is the additional value created by workers through their labor that exceeds the cost of their wages. In other words, it is the difference between what workers are paid (wages) and the value of the goods and services they produce. Understanding surplus value is crucial in the study of social classes as it highlights the exploitation of labor by capitalists who profit from the surplus value generated by workers. An example of surplus value could be a factory worker producing goods worth $100 per hour but receiving only $20 per hour in wages, resulting in a surplus value of $80 per hour for the capitalist employer.

1) The means of production refers to the resources, infrastructure, and technology required to produce goods and services. For instance, in a manufacturing setting, the means of production could include factories, machinery, raw materials, and land. Labor, on the other hand, represents the human effort and work put into the production process. An example of labor could be the workers employed in the manufacturing plant operating machinery and assembling products.

2) Value, in the realm of social class, pertains to the worth or significance assigned to goods, services, or resources within a society. It is often determined by factors such as supply and demand, utility, scarcity, and social perceptions.

3) The “value” of something is derived from various factors including its utility, scarcity, demand, and the amount of labor required for its production. For instance, a rare piece of art may have high value due to its scarcity and cultural significance, while a basic commodity like water may have value due to its essential utility for survival. Labor and value are closely related as the value of goods and services often depends on the amount and type of labor invested in their production. The more labor-intensive a process is, the higher the value of the end product tends to be.

4) Labor refers to the physical or mental effort exerted by individuals in the production of goods and services. Labor power, however, refers to the capacity of individuals to perform labor, which includes their skills, abilities, and knowledge that can be utilized in the production process.

5) Surplus value is the additional value created by workers through their labor that exceeds the cost of their wages. In other words, it is the difference between what workers are paid (wages) and the value of the goods and services they produce. Understanding surplus value is crucial in the study of social classes as it highlights the exploitation of labor by capitalists who profit from the surplus value generated by workers. An example of surplus value could be a factory worker producing goods worth $100 per hour but receiving only $20 per hour in wages, resulting in a surplus value of $80 per hour for the capitalist employer.

1. Production refers to the application of resources, tools, and materials required for the generation of the product under labor with schematic procedures. They include raw materials, machines, tools, money, workshops, factories, and workforces combined. Through labor, individuals create a product with significant value for the consumer system that is greatly used and generates a great amount of money by their selling-buying. 

2. Value is the amount of labor it socially costs to produce a product (use value and exchange value), what determines the magnitude of value of a product is the amount of labor socially necessary for its production, and the use or applicability that that product has. 

3. Work and Value are related in terms of the time invested and the type of work qualification exerted to achieve a product. Depending on the product’s complexity, the person or entity that produces a product requires greater preparation, a greater investment of time-related to studies, and money that equips them to have the best skills in its production. 

4. Work is the effort applied in Product Production, and Work Power is the physical and mental capacity available to perform work with value. 

5. Surplus Value according to Marx is the additional profit that the employer through his workers by carrying out extra production after completing the basic production of products for which they have been hired. A basic example of Surplus Value is the hiring of personnel under an Assignment of Responsibilities in their work position, who in the daily work dynamics end up providing additional results during production, because they make use of their ability to resolve conflicts or tasks, because they have the aptitude and They give their contributions to their productive system out of loyalty and inclusion within the interests of the productive apparatus. 

1. I understand the means of production because a products value is measure by how much labor is takes and I manufacture under normal circumstances. For example, a working class person going to work they are putting their labour power in exchange for money . I understand labour because it is measure by time , it is the source of value it increases the value of what you have . For example , you can make a chair under 15 hours but can make a couch within 36. Since it took more time the value of the couch would be more then just a chair.
2. Value is the importance or worthiness of something . What gives value to value is surplus value . It is profit and increases twice. What makes something valuable is the time being used not the effort.
3. Labour and value is related because labour is the source of value , the additional time being invested makes the byproduct worthier.
4. The difference between labour and labour power is the time required to create the product . Labour power for example is working a 9- 5 you put your time and energy into your work for money .
5. Surplus value is the double increase of your profit . Value added to the original value . Working 4 hours (9-1) but you do not leave till 5 . There’s an extra 4 hours added onto the time you worked which is more money but not for you but who you are working for.

1.  The way I understand the means of production and labor is that means of production equal labor. Means of production is how much work you put into an organization that is privately owned. Labor connects to this because labor is what you sell to the owner of a privately owned organization. An example of labor can be the time you put in working as a cashier. While you are cashiering you make the money you take home but you still have to keep working until the end of your shift for the money the company keeps. In a successful business you will make 3 times what you are getting paid for that day, but only take home ⅓ of that part. The means of production would be who you are working for and how you sell your labor to them. 
2. According to the video, value is measured by how much labor it takes to produce something under normal circumstances. What makes something valuable is the amount of time and dedication you spend making such things. “Pre-training” or education can give more value to something because it is also the labor you have put in to get something out of it. 
3.   Labor and value are related because you have to put labor into something to make it valuable. Labor and time itself can also be valuable depending on your expertise. An example I can think of is school or experience. The longer you spend in school or in the company the more value your work will have. 
4.    The difference to me between labor and labor power is that labor can to me is any work you put in whether personal or for others. Labor can also mean schooling. Labor power has a more in-depth definition. For firsts it can only be found in people and it is renting out your time to labor for someone else. For labor power you need things like clothing, food and shelter which are the reasons you work but the rest of your work goes to who you’re working for. 
5.        Surplus value is the labor you put in that only benefits your boss. This means that you make the products and only your boss receives the profit. Of course you get paid, but your work is way more valuable than what you are getting paid. Surplus value is important to know in our study of social classes because there is a trend within classes where some benefit from surplus value and others don’t. An example of surplus value can be the scenario I gave in my answer for question 1 about the cashier. She can bring home ⅓ or less if the money she receives in the cash register while her employer keeps the rest.