1. Production refers to the application of resources, tools, and materials required for the generation of the product under labor with schematic procedures. They include raw materials, machines, tools, money, workshops, factories, and workforces combined. Through labor, individuals create a product with significant value for the consumer system that is greatly used and generates a great amount of money by their selling-buying. 

2. Value is the amount of labor it socially costs to produce a product (use value and exchange value), what determines the magnitude of value of a product is the amount of labor socially necessary for its production, and the use or applicability that that product has. 

3. Labor and Value are related in terms of the time invested and the type of work qualification exerted to achieve a product. Depending on the product’s complexity, the person or entity that produces a product requires greater preparation, a greater investment of time-related to studies, and money that equips them to have the best skills in its production. 

4. Labor is the effort applied in Product Production, and Labor Power is the physical and mental capacity available to perform work with value. 

5. Surplus Value according to Marx is the additional profit that the employer through his workers by carrying out extra production after completing the basic production of products for which they have been hired. A basic example of Surplus Value is the hiring of personnel under an Assignment of Responsibilities in their work position, who in the daily work dynamics end up providing additional results during production, because they make use of their ability to resolve conflicts or tasks, because they have the aptitude and They give their contributions to their productive system out of loyalty and inclusion within the interests of the productive apparatus.