1- According to Williams, the Conflict on Terror constituted a new type of war because of the tremendous powers bestowed on the federal government’s capacity to prosecute the war. This prompted the Patriot Act, which granted intelligence and law enforcement agencies the authority to violate the constitution and conduct domestic surveillance.

2- The Patriot Act’s “Roving Wiretaps,” which allow for the search of innocent individuals without a warrant, appear to be a breach of the Bill of Rights. This is a violation of the fourth amendment since a court order must be obtained via a court of law.

3- The “Sneak and Peek” warrant, which also violates the Fourth Amendment by allowing authorities to search a person’s home or location without their consent or any reasonable warning of what is about to happen, maybe challenged in the same way.