1.Based on reading 4.3, the difference between bosses and employees is that owners are a part of the owning class and they live off investments that are a part of stocks, bonds, rents, mineral royalties, and other properties. Employees on the other hand live off what they make during their hours at work. According to the reading, “This shows that employees live mostly off wages, salaries, and fees.” In the reading, it states, “Workers’ wages represent only a portion of the wealth created by their labor. The average private-sector employee works two hours for herself or himself and six or more hours for the boss” this shows that the owners are making a lot more compared to what the employees are being paid. 

2. According to reading 4.3,  the quote by Adam Smith says, “labor … is alone the ultimate and real standard by which the value of all commodities can at all times and places be estimated and compared. It is their real price; money is their nominal price only.” This demonstrates that the labor performed by employees is the real price for services being rendered. Labor is the main reason why the majority of these companies are continuously growing and without labor companies would suffer a major downfall in their business. The money attached to the service or product is determined not so much on the labor that goes into it but rather on just a nominal value of the owner’s choice.

3. My thoughts on the main argument “ class is not an identity” is that class is not defining who you are as a person. You can be in the lower class group and have a very good education and frequent people from different classes. According to reading 4.4, “By treating class as just another identity — and holding that no identity plays any special role in structuring the distribution of power in society — they render invisible the ways that oppression is reproduced by the market. They may embrace the language of intersectionality, but their view of class makes it impossible to see how racial or gender hierarchies and class exploitation are intertwined.” This shows that being placed in social class affects people on more than just their financial aspect. It goes in oppression and injustice if just treating people in a manner they think should be fitting of a certain class and denying them opportunities. This is unfair and does not allow space for growth and mobility.

4.The quote  “class structures are built around a close form of dependency” shows that both capitalists and workers need each other in order to survive. The capitalist needs workers to be able to run the business just as workers need the capitalist to be able to make a living and pay bills. Although everyone identifies themselves in their own class it shows that regardless what social class you are in, people lean on one another  not to realize each other’s social group. As a restaurant worker in order for me to make money I have to provide my labor in making sure customers are satisfied with the products we provide which I trade for a paycheck. My boss as the owner of the restaurant needs employees to work for the purpose of keeping the store open and creating a profit. This process demonstrates a chain reaction where we constantly rely on each other despite our standard.