What labor is the amount of time working. Example, someone working making clothes at a clothing company. Means of production would be everything that a person would need to make labor happen successfully. Example the sewing machines at the company in order to make the clothes.
what makes something valuable is the amount of labor put into something. The more labor the more valuable it is.
Labor and value are collected because without labor there would be no value. An individual will have to put in labor to make anything more valuable.
The difference between labor and labor power is copper labor is working and labor power is the ability to work, what a person needs to function for the day to work.
surplus value is the hours on top of hours worked to supply labor power. These extra profits go to the higher up ” The boss” . It is important to know about this because working for the boss and how a lot of extra hours go to the boss the individual is working less than what labor is worth. Capitalist production is sustained by exploiting the working class and this is important to know.