1. Ruth Gilmore argues that capitalism depends on racial inequalities. The connection between whiteness and racism is that whiteness represents a system of privilege and power that belittles others. Gilmore argues that racism and whiteness has been used to control others.
2. According to Gilmore criminals are actually being created by the criminal justice and the prison system. Gilmore says this because they are targeting certain groups and communities through poverty and also inequality. They are basically labeling people and being unfair to certain people by how they live.
3. I believe Gilmore idea of “liberation struggle” means fighting for your freedom and rights. Everyone coming together as a group to stand up for the community and stop racism and inequality. Everyone should be treated equally no matter how they look or live.

During the wal-mart case the Supreme Court ruled that the woman who was suing wal-mart could not move forward with the case as a class action lawsuit. In order to move forward with a class action lawsuit you need to have all members to share the same situation, meaning the members have to prove and share the same situation as the woman suing wal-mart (commonality). Commonality is when a group of people come together from a company and report the same exact situation because they all deal with it.

1. the court system protects the human rights because they are separate from political views. They put all their focus on the constitution and don’t get easily influenced. Since they focus on the constitution they follow the law which supports humans rights.
2. One example is the Texas v. Johnson where the Supreme Court defends the right to burn the American flag because its a form of free speech, this shows that the court supports human rights.
3. the federalist no. 78 helps the court system review laws to make sure they are constitutional without worrying about political opinions but more focused on individual freedom.

1. The war on terror can use acts like terrorism to target people, they can be a global threat and it’s difficult to determine the difference between them and a soldier.
2. I believe the roving wire tapes violates the fourth amendment because it’s violating someone’s privacy by having surveillance of them instead of their technology. This violates the fourth amendment because they are going out their way to invade someone’s privacy without renewing a warrant.
3. sneak and peek warrant violates the fourth amendment because the warrants doesn’t warn them before the search happens which is violating someone’s privacy. They don’t notify them they just show up.

1. the establishment clause prevents the government from involving themselves with any type of religion. The lemon test helps out the government from making sure the law doesn’t violate policies, by checking the law through three steps.
2. Burning the United States flag is protected by the first amendment because of free speech, the court determined that its some sort of form of free speech during the Texas v. Johnson court case.
3. Taking the fifth protects someone from testifying against themselves in crime cases.

1. The difference between the roles of citizens in government among the federal, confederation and unitary system is that in the federal system power is shared between a central government and regional government and the power is also divided between them. In the confederation system the regional government holds the most power while the central is weaker. In the unitary system the central government has all the power.
2. the division of power separates responsibility between the different government so the power can be balanced between them.
3. When covid happened the government set public health policy in order to prevent the spread of covid. They also gave us supplies like free face masks and gloves and funded us while we weren’t able to work because everything was closed.

1. From reading the article I believe the upper middle class wrote the constitution. Most of the middle upper class people owned land and they were interested in protecting their property while also protecting their wealth and resources from the lower class which excluded them from receiving the same benefits the upper middle class receive.
2. In my opinion I feel like it’s different from how it was in the past because in the past everything was dominated by people who were wealthy and owned land and if you weren’t wealthy then you were considered a lower class and you wouldn’t get the same benefits. Now we have opportunities to become wealthy by getting our education or starting a business.
3. I believe they feared democracy because they felt worried about the lower class becoming wealthy and threatening their property because in their eyes it would cause class conflict.

1. Faction reminds me of political parties because both have groups that share the same interests, it also prevents one group from gaining to more power than the other.
2. according to James Madison the source from private property which started from the diversity in the faculties of men, this meant that individuals had creativity and talent. The difference explains why certain people can become wealthy while others stay in the lower class.
3. I do believe that hard work and talent can bring wealth and success but it depends on how much effort you put into your hard work, but I can also see how inequality and things like discrimination can affect your wealth and success.
4. the core mission of the u.s government is to protect property rights and individual liberties. I think it’s different from today society because now people expect the government to address broader issues.
5. It’s not surprising that federalist #10 opposes pure democracy in favor of a republican (representative) government because James Madison feared that democracy could lead to the lower class prioritizing their interest over property rights.

discussion board 5.3

1. The wealth inequality in the US that made an impression is that in order to create value you need labor workers, without labor workers it’ll be hard to create value. When labor workers put their time and effort into working and achieving something it becomes valuable. Money grows from the labor workers work but labor workers get paid less for the amount of work they do.
2. This dynamic gives one class to have more wealth and power compared to others. This happens in our everyday life, for example some people have the advantage to study at an expensive college while others aren’t because of their income.