- Describe the primary differences in the role of citizens in government, among the federal, confederation, and unitary systems. Citizens often have dual citizenship, with rights and responsibilities at both the national and regional levels. They participate in elections for both federal and local representatives, influencing policy at multiple levels. The division of power allows for diverse regional interests to be represented. In confederation citizens typically engage primarily with their local or state governments. The central authority has limited power, which means citizens might feel less connected to it. Their involvement is more focused on state-level governance, and the effectiveness of citizen participation can vary widely depending on how much power the confederation has and how it functions. Citizens primarily interact with the national government, as local governments have limited autonomy. Their participation is generally channeled through national elections and policies. While local officials may exist, they largely implement central policies, meaning citizens may have less influence on local governance.
2 Briefly explain how you understand the system of division of power. The system of division of power refers to the distribution of authority and responsibilities among different levels of government to prevent any single entity from becoming too powerful. This can take several forms, primarily seen in federal systems. The division of power aims to enhance democratic governance by promoting participation, protecting individual rights, and maintaining a system of checks and balances to prevent tyranny. By distributing authority, it encourages collaboration and responsiveness to citizens’ needs at various levels.
3. How does the federal government shape the actions of state and local governments? Write your answer based on doing a bit of research on how the federal government has influenced the actions of NY state and local governments, during the COVID-19 pandemic. The federal government provided substantial funding through relief packages like the Coronavirus Aid, Relief, and Economic Security (CARES) Act and the American Rescue Plan. This financial support helped New York state and local governments cover pandemic-related expenses, such as healthcare costs, unemployment benefits, and public health initiatives. The influx of federal funds allowed state and local governments to maintain services and support their populations during the crisis. Overall, the federal government played a critical role in shaping the responses of New York state and local governments during the COVID-19 pandemic through funding, guidance, and regulatory frameworks. This collaborative approach highlighted the interconnectedness of federal and state governance, particularly in times of crisis.
