1.Describe the primary differences in the role of citizens in government, among the federal, confederation, and unitary systems.

In a federal system, citizens have direct participation at both the national and state levels. They elect representatives to the national government and state governments separately. In a confederation system, citizens primarily participate at the state or regional level, with limited involvement at the central government level. In a unitary system, citizens interact with a single central government, with limited authority delegated to local governments.

2.Briefly explain how you understand the system of division of power.

 The system of division of power refers to the distribution of authority and responsibilities between different levels of government, such as national, state, and local governments. This division ensures that each level has its own specific powers and areas of control, helping to prevent one level from becoming too powerful and maintaining a balance of authority

3. How does the federal government shape the actions of state and local governments? Write your answer based on doing a bit of research on how the federal government has influenced the actions of NY state and local governments, during the COVID-19 pandemic.

During the COVID-19 pandemic, the federal government has influenced the actions of state and local governments in New York through various means. For example, the federal government provided guidelines and recommendations on public health measures to combat the spread of the virus. Additionally, federal funding and resources were allocated to support state and local efforts in responding to the pandemic. The federal government also played a role in coordinating efforts between different levels of government to ensure a unified response to the crisis.