Author Archives: Mame Diarra Leye

mame leye discussion#13

I choose this picture because In the United States and across the globe, there has been a growing prevalence of Anti-Muslim sentiments. The recent increase in Islamophobia has led to a call for a public health perspective that takes into account the stigmatized identity of Muslim Americans and the health implications of discrimination towards them. By utilizing a framework that considers stigma, discrimination, and health, it is possible to expand the conversation about Islamophobia to include its impact on the health of Muslim Americans. Islamophobia has the potential to negatively impact health through disrupting multiple systems, including individual stress reactivity and identity concealment, interpersonal social relationships and socialization processes, and structural institutional policies and media coverage. It is important to recognize Islamophobia as a source of negative health outcomes and health disparities, and future public health research should explore the complex pathways between Islamophobia and population health.

mame leye Reflection#6

In the video they discuss the role of African American women in the women’s suffrage movement in the United States. It features well-known black suffragists like Ida B. Wells, Mary Church Terrell, and Sojourner Truth, who fought for civil rights and women’s rights. The video highlights the obstacles these women encountered as they worked to remove barriers and fight for equal rights in a society that often ignored or dismissed their voices. It also emphasizes the significance of acknowledging the diverse experiences and contributions of all women in the battle for equality and justice. The video aims to illuminate the untold stories of black women in the suffrage movement and motivate viewers to keep fighting for justice and fairness for everyone.

mame leye Discussion#7

I want to discuss. The term patriarchy refers to male dominance, which results in women being inferior to men. Throughout history, men and women have played different roles in society, leading to controversy over whether we still live in a patriarchal system today. Men have traditionally been viewed as the alpha males and breadwinners of the family, while women have been relegated to the role of housewives responsible for caring for the family. Being a woman in America has raised awareness of oppression and how women have been oppressed by men for many years. Black women have been oppressed by white supremacy and subjected to stereotypes. Women do not receive the same benefits or treatment as men, and were considered irrelevant in the workplace and politics until the 1940s. Men were often ignorant and arrogant, failing to acknowledge women’s needs and feelings as they were overshadowed by men. Feminists advocate for women’s rights and gender equality. Betty Friedan’s book The Feminine Mystique challenged the idealized image of what women were supposed to be, inspiring women in the 1960s to pursue education and jobs traditionally reserved for men. The mindset of women changed dramatically as they became more determined to break into male-dominated fields such as manual labor.

Mame leye Discusion#5

Men hold primary power and dominate in roles of political leadership, moral authority, social privilege, and control of property within the system of oppression known as patriarchy. Patriarchy privileges men over women and non-male individuals and can be seen in various ways, such as structural, institutional, intrapersonal, and interpersonal. This social structure normalizes discrimination and oppression based on sex and gender, affecting people of all genders and hindering their organic growth and development. The United States has been and continues to be an example of patriarchy, where men hold the majority of power and privilege in society. It is crucial for students to understand patriarchy as a system of oppression, its function, and how it contributes to a gender-based hierarchy in society. By understanding patriarchy, we can work towards dismantling the system and achieving social justice and equity.

Persona.  The Society’s personal aspect pertains to people’s beliefs, particularly on the undervaluation of women in this generation. According to my female acquaintances, they feel the need to prove themselves more than men when in male-dominated spaces, as they are perceived as weak. Moreover, they have experienced sexualization in their workplaces. Thus, the patriarchy presents women as inferior to men and objectifies them.

Interpersonal.   Accountability for actions and behaviors towards women is lacking in a patriarchal society, which allows the system to remain intact. Johnson argues that complete control over the patriarchal system is impossible, but we can still make choices that deviate from societal norms and create our own unique paths. By holding individuals responsible and working towards societal change, gender equality may be achieved. Everyday language reinforces the notion that men are superior to women, with phrases such as “men are breadwinners” and “that’s a man’s job” perpetuating this idea.

Institutional.  Women have various approaches to certain things that are influenced by unwritten policies or rules. These policies or rules are not documented, but they can be problematic. Women face a greater risk than men because they can be overpowered not just verbally but also physically. This can result in people being taken advantage of. It is effortless to threaten a woman with her job by using personal information against her. Unfortunately, these situations often escalate into sexual harassment.

Cultural.  Participation in a patriarchal society perpetuates the cultural/structural level of oppression. Certain beliefs, deeply ingrained over many years, underpin this societal structure. In African culture, men are traditionally viewed as providers while women are relegated to caretaking roles, such as child-rearing and nursing. Women are labeled as providers of emotional support and nurturing while men are expected to bring in money to support the family. This normalization of gender roles has persisted across generations with little resistance to the notion of equality.

Mame Leye Reflection#3

As an immigrant, I acknowledge the immense privilege I have experienced in America. My access to education, food, and healthcare is something that many people in my home country cannot attain. Even having a phone at a young age is a luxury that is not readily available in my homeland. In contrast, those without wealth or the ability to pay for schooling are often unable to receive a good education. As the video highlights, I can take a shower for as long as I want, while some regions in my country have limited water supply. I am grateful for the freedom to express my likes and dislikes, which is not a given for everyone. Additionally, being a woman has afforded me certain privileges over men. After watching the video and reading about privilege and oppression, I now have a better understanding of these concepts. My perception of privilege is still developing, as I recognize that those with lighter skin complexion have more advantages than I do. Furthermore, I was previously unaware of how individuals are treated differently based on their sexuality, age, race, gender, and religious beliefs.

Mame Leye reflection#2

Alok perceives moving beyond the gender binary as the ability to look beyond a person’s gender or what they can see. The important aspect is how a person feels and shows it in their daily life. Alok also highlights how gender stereotypes and expectations are limiting, constraining, and harmful. Like many others, Alok faced self-hatred and shame for years before finding peace and acceptance with themselves as they couldn’t conform to the binary expectations. The transgender community is questioned and observed more frequently than other groups, leading to increased distress. Gender non-conforming people aren’t distressed because they have a disorder, but because of the discrimination and stigma they face. There’s nothing wrong with them, but the world punishes those who don’t conform to the normative masculine or feminine. The writer’s exposure to non-binary people or community was limited due to their upbringing and environment. They were confused when they saw a man wearing makeup or a dress as they weren’t used to it. After reading this book, they realized the pain non-gender conforming individuals experience daily and acknowledged their inability to imagine it. The writer feels comfortable being referred to as a female using “her” and “she.”

Mame Leye Reflection#1

The definition of Feminism is generally understood as a movement for social, political, and economic equality of men and women. bell hooks defines feminism as a movement to end sexism, sexist exploitation, and oppression. Hooks emphasizes that women must confront their own sexist thoughts before coming together under one banner. The importance of intersectionality is also highlighted, as women cannot unite if they continue to oppress other women due to varying marginalized identities such as race or class. Prior to reading this essay, my knowledge of feminism was limited to the belief in gender equality, equal pay for equal work, and shared household and parenting duties between men and women. Reading this essay has deepened my understanding and belief in gender equality. The harassment and discrimination of women based on their race and gender is unacceptable. Hooks’ suggestion that the feminist movement should include women of all races and colors is compelling, as it would lead to a significant outcome in the fight against similar struggles. Women should not have their bodily autonomy questioned by men.

Mame Leye Discussion#14

The topic I will be discussing is a sensitive one, given the varying perspectives people hold. However, based on my beliefs and religion, I will be addressing it. In the Islamic faith, abortion is prohibited. While Islam is generally lenient about abortion, the acceptability of terminating a pregnancy depends on factors such as the threat to the mother’s well-being, the stage of the pregnancy before or after ensoulment (at the 120th day of gestation), and the presence of fetal anomalies incompatible with life. There is significant variation in religious rulings, but most Islamic scholars concur that ending a pregnancy due to fetal abnormalities is permissible before ensoulment. Afterward, abortion is deemed entirely forbidden, except in cases where the mother’s life is at risk or there is confirmed intrauterine death. Islam values life and encourages parenthood. Nonetheless, the faith acknowledges that life can be complicated, and there are situations where abortion may be necessary, such as in cases of rape or to save the mother’s life.

Mame Leye Reflection#11

The film is very powerful and inspirational portrayal of the challenges that women face in obtaining an education and being understood. Millions of women are forced to endure an unfair existence due to the lack of understanding surrounding menstruation, coupled with myths and shaming. This is particularly true in countries where obtaining basic necessities is already a struggle. The film highlights the pervasive lack of education surrounding menstruation and the patriarchal structures that control women’s lives, leaving little room for escape from oppression. The documentary poignantly reminds us that the lack of access to sanitary pads can prevent women from attending school, limiting their opportunities and perpetuating inequality. It is frustrating to see how a small change can make such a significant impact, especially when men could provide more support in these communities. The contrast between progress and societal ignorance is stark and disturbing. The struggle, mistrust, and rejection faced by individuals due to their authenticity, life experience, and circumstance while striving to discover a sense of belonging is a connection I observe between the film and reading. The Indian community depicts a perception of unfairness concerning the treatment one receives and the disparities and injustice in the health system, based on personal differences and race. It is unacceptable that transgender individuals receive insufficient care, and no one should face neglect regardless of their identity. The effectiveness of identity politics as a tool for marginalized individuals to combat inequality and injustice is something I now acknowledge. It is not necessary to experience prejudice or hatred personally to speak out against it. People attempt to strip others of their identity, which is both immoral and violent. It is difficult to accept being shamed for lack of medical treatment, especially when one pays taxes and works hard. This is brutal discrimination. Medical professionals take the Hippocratic Oath, swearing to aid others. The scientific and biological perspective suggests that it is unnatural not to discuss menstruation, how women feel, how to assist them, and how to reform the system to improve their lives. However, men often emphasize the importance of sex and pornography due to its perceived naturalness and its endorsement by the state.

Mame Leye Discussion#12

iThe End of Sentence of the film. is a powerful and inspirational documentary that sheds light on the challenges that women face in obtaining an education and being understood. The lack of understanding surrounding menstruation, coupled with myths and shaming, creates an unfair and difficult existence for millions of women. This is especially true in countries where obtaining basic necessities is already a struggle. The documentary highlights the pervasive lack of education surrounding menstruation and the patriarchal structures that control women’s lives, leaving little room for escape from oppression. The film is a poignant reminder that the lack of access to sanitary pads can prevent women from attending school, limiting their opportunities and perpetuating inequality. It is frustrating to see how a small change can make such a significant impact, especially when the men in these communities could provide more support. The contrast between progress and societal ignorance is stark and disturbing. 

The connection I observe between the film and reading lies in the struggle, mistrust, and rejection faced by individuals due to their authenticity, life experience, and circumstance while striving to discover a sense of belonging. The Indian community depicts a perception of unfairness concerning the treatment one receives and the disparities and injustice in the health system, based on personal differences and race. It is unacceptable that transgender individuals receive insufficient care; no one should face neglect regardless of their identity. I now acknowledge the effectiveness of identity politics as a tool for marginalized individuals to combat inequality and injustice. It is not necessary to experience prejudice or hatred personally to speak out against it.

People attempt to strip others of their identity, which is both immoral and violent. It is difficult to accept being shamed for lack of medical treatment, especially when one pays taxes and works hard. This is brutal discrimination. Medical professionals take the Hippocratic Oath, swearing to aid others. The scientific and biological perspective suggests that it is unnatural not to discuss menstruation, how women feel, how to assist them, and how to reform the system to improve their lives. However, men often emphasize the importance of sex and pornography due to its perceived naturalness and its endorsement by the state.