Author Archives: Patience Ocran

Response 8

Being a house wife has become a norm for most cultures. Society have now become structured in a manner where women are to stay home and do domestic works like cleaning, cooking and catering for the needs of children rather than exploiting different aspects of their lives becoming a canker. Women are made to become second to men and this makes patriarchy more significant among the lot, especially when men always want to be in power and rule. This has then limited women contributing in the political arena and the little participation they have is being significantly distorted one way or the other. It should rather be made that women although have certain roles they play at home also do have that tendency to contribute to politics and society and as such should be given that room to operate. Women should be made equals just as men have that opportunity. Not only do women dream of becoming the perfect wives and good mothers but also dream of realizing to their full potential what they can do and exploit different opportunities and vice versa. Women at large are not happy and haven’t been interested about the turn of events where they haven’t been given the forum to showcase what they can do.

However feminists assure us that the core priority and objective of every woman is to fulfill their femism and its functions, to achieve every aim that society depicts as to what being a woman is about, and to become the actualized self of feminism. Over the years we’ve seen a gradual change in the nature of women indulgent in politics, for sometime in the olden days it was extremely difficult to see any participation one way or the other until recently we’ve seen massive change in the political sphere where women have become more vibrant in the scene.

The structure laid of men domination has led to an anatomical analysis where women are seen to be more significant and active at a point where men are not and it’s sexually related. The vagina seem to be the pivot of the topic and even to that extent it is hugely said that the the clitoris makes women vulnerable because men knowing it’s the organ and the mainstream for masturbation in women ends up exploiting it to make them more submissive. Unlike men, women find a lot of pleasure during sexual intercourse which sometimes then becomes their disadvantage. Men succumbing to sexual pleasure are being exploited also by women and made vulnerable one way or the other. As compared to women, men find it difficult to have sexual intercourse continuously in succession for long making them vulnerable and the thought that women not being satisfied would find external means of pleasure sometimes from lesbians frightens the thought of men which makes them weak. It’s rather interesting that the strong hold of women to control men in society is mostly sexual which is now being used as a tool to break the political scene. This is becoming the new normative that’s starting to define societies especially in the western scene.

Response 7

Feminists have been very much aggressive over the past few decades to get equality which haven’t been granted in a long time. It’s important to understand that we can’t live in a world where others would be treated fairly because of their sex and others would be deprived of certain privileges because they are opposite. In the 1920s, we saw in the states women rise to fight for equality and what they believed in, to that extent a party was even formed led by Mrs Paul in the name “National Women’s Party” which led the fight to an extent where we saw women after being long deprived of voting had that gap bridged. In view of that, they were then allowed to participate and hold political positions which was a massive move to the start of equality for women. Over the years, several amendments were attempted and others were to be rectified to aid in the bridging of the gap of human rights and privileges to facilitate and accommodate every body regardless their sexes. An Equal Right Amendment that started a long time ago after the National Women’s Party achieved their aim of getting the voting rights handed to women, they geared towards achieving an equal rights for everyone regardless your gender with emphasis on women rights, in 1972 they came close to its implementation after a long wait for ratification. It however failed due to some unforeseen tendency and was given a speculated time frame of 10 years this 1982 for its review and consideration, it’s rather unfortunate that we are yet to see an attention being given to it which would help level the grounds once and for all.

The whole process of the Equal Right Amendment started by Alice Paul who happens to be the founder of the National Women’s Party, this was between 1885-1977 where she believed not only are women supposed to have the right to vote but actual have the chance to experience equal rights and privileges as every other person especially males. After her demise, it became unpopular as most people didn’t give it the force needed until in the 1950s where we had Martha Griffins coming in to push it further. She presented it to the House of Commons in 1972 the need to look through the amendment and pass it as a bill, it’s important that everyone is given an equal opportunity because no one deserves to be treated differently based on their sexes. It is very much needed that more force is driven behind its implementation as since after the ratification in 1972 although it was due in 1982 nothing was done about it, fast forward 2019 we had a motion raised to make it a reality but unfortunately wasn’t given that much attention. In March 2017, after the thought that it was quite impossible to get the bill of the Equal Right Amendment brought to light, a set of individuals moved a motion which eventually led to its revelation in 2019 and has since then become a topic of discussion gaining wide importance and making it very vital for the survival of women at large.

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Suffrage

Feminists have started ravaging and rallying for equality in a long time but it became more relevant and widespread in the 1820’s or the 19th and 20th centuries. Looking for ways to reduce discrimination on sex basis they seeked for reforms which weren’t given to them on a silver platter. Leading this reforms by then was Elizabeth Cady Stanton and Lucretia Mott whom relentlessly continued their fight for equality and suffrage until it was granted after they held a conference and got on board a lot of women to help them voice out their concern. Their leadership was firm and strict as they were able to seize an opportunity that presented itself in the 14th amendment of the constitution which was solely meant to allow all male citizens regardless your color the right to vote, during this and the 15th century they seized the opportunity and even to that extent aligned themselves with some racists up south so as to reason that their votes as white women can exchange that of the votes of black males.

Things became quite intense as they kept pressing for equality and the right to vote and have a say in leadership especially that of their own country, to avoid any form of retaliation and after careful reasoning they were granted what they always wished for. In the 19th amendment of the constitution, women were then given the right to cast their vote and elect leaders of choice and over eight million votes were recorded. What has come today that we have women holding political offices, having a say in the government and top of them all having the power to vote started way back in the 19th century. It’s a step forward because no one should be sidelined and cast out of the political scene purposely because the person is a woman neither should it be on races because it’s important that everyone who is a citizen has every right to have a say about who governs him or her.

In view of this, Women became more empowered to which extent Alice Paul founded the National Women’s Party to help raise the standards as well, other states in the 1910’s and some west states begin extending their votes to bring women to office where Idaho and Utah already gave women the right to fully vote by the end of the 19th century. Women then fought over the years for equal representation and started contesting for public offices to which extent not only can they vote but a Vice President have been elected out of their toil. Women as such have achieved a great feet which of course didn’t spring out of no where but as a result of competence and the fight for justice and equality. The 19th and 20th centuries saw the urge and need to achieve equality by any means necessary, now it has become reality, to give women the right to vote and hold public offices as a result have transformed and aided in the growth of the country.

Patience Ocran, Midterm

  1. How do systems of privilege and oppression function in our society? how do we combat these systems?

Systems of privileges are socially constructed in a way where we grow into its acceptance making it very difficult to do away with. These difference in society where some particular group of people are seen to be more important and deserve a different mode of treatment which is way better than others ends up curtailing the privileges of others especially in States where white privilege is high, blacks suffer. Same way system of oppression is aligned and socially constructed, this mode is the vice versa of privileges where one is subdued and subjected to certain things and treatments that isn’t fair but they have little to do about it. To battle this canker, we must put in place a measure that would psyche people that regardless of races and other factors, they are one and must enjoy an equal share of things. The constitution one way or the other should be enforced to make sure rights, freedoms and privileges are on an equal level for all manner of people regardless their gender and race.

Question 2. What is the concept of intersectionality and why is it important in women’s gender, and sexuality studies.

Intersectionality could be explained as an analytical framework which makes us understand how the aspects of a person’s social and sometimes political identities combine so as to create different modes of discrimination and differences in privilege. It then argues that sometimes some aspects of a society that contribute to discrimination could be roped together so as to prevent too much or an extreme form of any discrimination. It’s very important in women’s, gender and sexuality study because it improvises and settles mainly on feminism where it elaborates that one could be treated either fairly or not based on sex, gender and race. It could be explained with this loop and lapses that other than one factor that would discriminate, other factors could play a different role which might or might not favor a woman which means one way or the other, a woman could be treated on different grounds and not only because she is a woman. Intersectionality would then mean a point where we are then considered at points so as to prevent any form of discrimination through one of its many lapses.

Question 3. Why is it important to organize patriarchy as a system and not an individual identity

Patriarchy can be seen as a social system where men hold primary power and also are dominant in roles of leadership especially political, moral authority some social privileges among others. This style should actually be a system as it’s a practice among societies and not associated to personal identity because in as much as we have it’s social influence men have literally decided to make it a norm and attach it as a personal identity. It is very necessary to understand that because you are a man doesn’t give room or chance for you to associate yourself as the one who is always the head and should occupy certain positions, it shouldn’t be as if being born a man makes you that unique to capitalize on every opportunity and force women to play second. We should then make it clear that it only applies in some instances which could be overridden at any point in time because it’s a system not a personal identity.

Question 4. How is gender constructed and learned in our society? How do we perform gender?

Gender is a socially constructed mechanism that depicts the functions or rests on the functions attributed to masculinity and femininity. We then use being a man or man based on roles as the primary source to understand gender and construct it’s importance and functions. With that being said, we perform gender as we perform our various functions as being a man or a woman living in a society, we are to understand that it means a lot that we know which gender we belong to in order to know the functions expected of us and the fundamental way of knowing this is through being a man or a woman. Gender now constructed as such and its functions becomes its performance based on which side you allocate yourself with socially, we could say that, sexes play a vital role in understanding where you belong to and what is being expected of you.

Question 5. What is the difference between sex and gender? How are sex and gender conflated (converged and confused) within our culture?

Sex is basically understandable as biologically constructed as being born naturally as a man and a woman whilst gender is seen as a social construct to depict the roles played as being a man or a woman. Sexes can be basically differentiated by the reproductive organs where one could be physically categorized into one section and the other but gender can’t be physically constructed and as such would exist as a notion or a norm which allows people to associate themselves with where they belong depending on the roles they play in a society. We sometimes find it very difficult to differentiate between sex and gender where we think being a man means masculinity and being a woman as feminist forgetting roles played are actually highly possible to differentiate that at a point in time only the biological and social differences can be the only mode of distinction needed.

Question 6. What is a double bind? How do double binds function within our society?

A double bind should be categorized as a dilemma in the mode of communication in which an individual or a group of persons receives two and sometimes more reciprocally conflicting messages. A double bind can be in the form where one hears a message verbally as he or she converses with another but sees a different body language reacting, it confuses people. Most at times we have the scenario while people laugh at things that was said which isn’t funny literally to make fun of the other, this is an example of a double bind. In our societies we have sometimes conflicting messages where we feel as though we have our freedoms and privileges as structured but certain limitations make it highly impossible to enjoy such instances. Some of the forms could include restrictions, statements that also take the form of rhetoric and those which have a question and an imperative at the same time are ways how double binds function our societies.

HOW TO BECOME AN ACTIVIST

A lot entails being able to rise up to the task and break through the scene to become an activist especially politically. Sexes and gender matters here too and it’s been quite difficult for women in particular to rise to the challenge and break that bondage but recent times have seen women coming out stronger which is very positive. To be able to breakthrough this scene and become an activist a lot factors do play and as such they include societal influence like the power of the youth where we should know that being young doesn’t mean not capable and as such because most people governed are youthful, it’s only right that they get to be handed power to. Although it’s difficult to say but change starts from home and parents are responsible to raise their children to grow up with a positive mentality, one should also then be encouraged to utilize online resources to learn a lot, activists all around the world are being projected online on the daily which should be a learning platform for some behaviors and enthusiasm. Real change takes time and one should exercise patience, should he or she be willing to become an activist because things don’t just come all of a sudden, individuals should make it their core mandate to find a mentor, someone whom they look up to and someone who can impact and push them further to become greater and also one should be a risk taker willing to go deep, it’s only important that activists don’t quit easily and even though they get problems packing on them on the daily they strive to make a change, being an activist takes a lot of sacrifice and one should always be willing to take up the challenge.

Being an activist means having strategies, this are plans that you set in motion as targets and should be your focus while you strive to make change, it should be an objective that would be on your mind daily. One should learn to speed things up when he or she gets the chance and as such it’s advisable that you always be on the look out for opportunities which could be utilized easily without stress one way or the other. It should be vital that everyone who wants to be an activist must be capable of accessing all areas before taking a step. You should have a focus point yet you should be able to consider other areas and regions to see a more befitting place to put plans in motion and in so doing one must prioritize diversity and learn to listen. It’s very much necessary that you learn that things and people are different and they vary as such you must always be willing to accept this sides of things and work accordingly, you should know not all things would be exactly as wished or planned and as such you should be able to listen rather than being hasty in all your decisions.

Response 4

It’s quite dissatisfying to realize that your race determines exactly how you should be treated in a society. It has become a canker that being black itself isn’t worth it in our own societies, being a gay or lesbian also isn’t recognized as befitting to the norms that govern our societies let alone think of being a gay or lesbian who happens to be black; that’s to total condemnation. At this juncture, it’s very much an eye sore when individuals are forced to live their lives in hiding and neglect the very fundamental principles and rights that provide them with freedoms and privileges to survive and be considered as part of a community. It would actually be worth it should we lay down certain protocols that would accommodate such instances and allow us all enjoy our freedoms and privileges aside skin color discrimination and gender biases, if not for today, at least for the generations to come. These social constructs that stop us from accepting diversity but rather encouraged division and isolation on the basis of racism and radicalism in association with gender biases should be carefully dealt with and eliminated permanently to avoid any form of uprising and retaliation in the near future. It would only be fair that we learn how to tolerate ourselves and give each other room to operate, go about their activities without having to look over their shoulders on the daily because they are seen to either not be normal or are suffering from a deformity that needs to be cured because been gay or a lesbian and having a black skin color actually shouldn’t be a crime.

Society have also been arranged in a patriarchal nature where gender roles have been divided vigorously amongst the two factions known as the men and women with men having the upper hand because they are believed to be more knowledgeable than women. Privileges that are endowed on men are more important and deemed more satisfactory than that of women, systems have been laid down for men to be superior to women and as such women have been forced one way or the other to accept these system of living, they are to succumb to men over centuries and have found it very difficult to stand out and be on their own even when the opportunity brings itself. Despite culture being dynamic and it takes relatively a long time for such drastic changes to occur and as such making it difficult to psyche and change people’s mindset of the social constructs that exist in our societies which literally gives more room for men to have the upper hand when it comes to role performance gender based and importance wise as sexes. This then forms a frame work where men are not just dominant but rather autocratic one way or the other leaving little or no room for women to operate. Interestingly men have maneuvered and found a way to keep women at bay by harnessing into their minds the ideology of they been second in all aspects and are to stay there, they sometimes support this with science on basis of IQ development among others establishing a framework that negatively supports men been gender bias taking control of everything and putting women in a position to succumb and accept their place as second to men.