https://docs.google.com/document/d/1jMw_9azXtlpc2xyp5PXg0AYnyJAqib0Mw9SrL2imK98/edit?usp=sharing
Author: ZhiHao Liu
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STEP 2
Papp, Jozsef. HOW SAFE IS YOUR SMART CITY?, Interdisciplinary Description of Complex Systems. 2022, Vol. 20 Issue 1, p57-63. 7p.
https://content.ebscohost.com/ContentServer.asp?
The author of this article uses the term “smart city”, which many people associate with a city of the future, represented by high-quality and advanced technology and electric vehicles. However, the authors argue that the foundation of a smart city is the interaction between urban systems, public safety, health, education, and civic services. This collaboration makes the city a healthier and safer place for people to live. In this article, the authors describe how we manage public safety by changing urban environments in proprietary ways, using principles of crime prevention through environmental design to redesign urban environments.
Ceccato, Vania., Kahn, Tulio., Herrmann., Christopher Östlund, Anders. Pandemic Restrictions and Spatiotemporal Crime Patterns in New York, São Paulo, and Stockholm. Journal of Contemporary Criminal Justice. Feb2022, Vol. 38 Issue 1, p120-149. 30p.
https://advance-lexis-com.bmcc.ezproxy.cuny.edu/document/?
This article describes the 2020 COVID-19 pandemic, where changes in daily activities have had an impact on crime levels in many cities around the world. The potential impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the spatiotemporal patterns of crime in different national contexts in three major cities was assessed. Each of the three countries and cities has experienced varying degrees of pandemic restrictions and social isolation. New York (United States), São Paulo (Brazil) and Stockholm (Sweden) were selected as cases. The authors use temporal quantitative methods, spatial statistical techniques, and geographic information systems (GIS) as a basis. The findings showed a trend in crime levels following the implementation of stay-at-home orders in New York City, São Paulo and Stockholm in the first few months of 2020. The effect varied by crime type and urban setting, but increased again a few months later, indicating that How quickly crime and criminals adapt. Residential theft decreased while non-residential theft increased overall.
Stacy, Christina Plerhoples.,Ho, Helen.,Pendall, Rolf. Neighborhood‐level economic activity and crime. Journal of Urban Affairs. 2017, Vol. 39 Issue 2, p225-240. 16p.
This article describes how economic activity at the community level affects the conditions that make crime more likely. However, most studies on community and crime focus only on residential characteristics and ignore commercial characteristics. In the paper, the authors examine the effect of community-level economic activity on crime that maintains residential characteristics. The results showed that increases in economic activity were associated with decreases in property crime, but the decrease in property crime occurred before the increase in economic activity and increased after it. Violent crime declined in the same year as economic activity grew.
Li, Nan., Kim, Young-An. Subway Station and Neighborhood Crime: An Egohood Analysis Using Subway Ridership and Crime Data in New York City. Crime & Delinquency. Jul2022, p1.
https://cuny-bm.primo.exlibrisgroup.com/discovery/openurl?institution=01CUNY
This article describes the authors’ study of the number of subway stations and the crime impact on subway ridership. The number of subway stations had a crime-enhancing effect on robbery, aggravated assault, burglary, and theft, but a crime-reducing effect on motor vehicle theft. The authors found mixed results for subway riders across different crime types. The findings provide evidence that subway stations and ridership have important consequences for the spatial patterns of crime.
Barrett, Carla., Welsh, Megan. Petty Crimes and Harassment: How Community Residents Understand Low-Level Enforcement in three High-Crime Neighborhoods in New York City. Qualitative Sociology. Jun2018, Vol. 41 Issue 2, p173-197. 25p. 2 Charts.
https://link-springer-com.bmcc.ezproxy.cuny.edu/content/pdf/10.1007/s11133-018-9377-z
This paper examines how residents of high-crime communities understand so-called “quality of life” policing tactics and their effects on police and community relations. By giving study participants the opportunity to talk to each other, the authors gain insight into how members of the community perceive police activity. The researchers used focus groups conducted in three New York communities that focused on violence, police exposure, poverty. One group was conducted with black and/or Latino males aged 16-20 living in each community, while the other was conducted with adult residents aged 30+ who had lived in the community for at least 10 years . They took a closer look at how residents of both groups expressed concerns about aggressive low-level enforcement actions in their communities, as well as over-regulation of people of color, a concomitant issue of under-regulation that residents perceive as a major threat to their physical safety. , and the lack of police accountability. These problems have led to residents’ distrust of the police, and the crime rate in the community has increased.
This paper examines how residents of high-crime communities understand so-called “quality of life” policing tactics and their effects on police and community relations. By giving study participants the opportunity to talk to each other, the authors gain insight into how members of the community perceive police activity. The researchers used focus groups conducted in three New York communities that focused on violence, police exposure, poverty. One group was conducted with black and/or Latino males aged 16-20 living in each community, while the other was conducted with adult residents aged 30+ who had lived in the community for at least 10 years . They took a closer look at how residents of both groups expressed concerns about aggressive low-level enforcement actions in their communities, as well as over-regulation of people of color, a concomitant issue of under-regulation that residents perceive as a major threat to their physical safety. , and the lack of police accountability. These problems have led to residents’ distrust of the police, and the crime rate in the community has increased.
How has the crime surge affected the daily lives of people in Sunset Park?
Sunset Park is a multiracial community Hispanics and Asians make up 75 percent of the population. With the outbreak of the pandemic crime rates in Sunset Park have been on the rise, Overall crime is up more than 103% so far this year compared to this time in 2021 and up 70% from 2020, with the highest increases seen in burglary, hate crimes, grand larceny and auto theft. The subway shooting in April made more people worry about their own safety. My research focuses on how the rise in crime rates in Sunset Park has affected the daily lives of people in Sunset Park, and how this can be changed.
