Garbarino, James, et al. “Mitigating the Effects of Gun Violence on Children and Youth.” The Future of Children, vol. 12, no. 2, 2002, pp. 73–85. JSTOR, https://doi.org/10.2307/1602739. Accessed 20 Oct. 2022.
https://doi-org.bmcc.ezproxy.cuny.edu/10.2307/1602739
This article focuses on how gun violence is deeply implanted in American society and how traumatizing it can be for children, youths and in general society; when there is much exposure to gun violence which affects physically, emotionally and mentally and what contributes to having a constant increase in gun violence. Studies have shown that youths who have been exposed to gun violence experienced emotional scars that are long lasting and some children develop PTSD, which may affect their brain development and it may lead to some children harming themselves for protection so that they could feel less reluctant to engage in any type of violent acts. PTSD in children based on traumatic experience in gun violence, may cause them to detach themselves from activities they once enjoyed and people they onced loved to be around. A Psychological study shows that youths who have been exposed to gun violence tend to develop some form of aggression or anger which can increase the act of using violence as a way of resolving any problem or issues that may occur or how they feel emotionally but choose to express physically. This research also shows how a great amount of exposure in gun violence is difficult for both children and youths, trying to make or create friendships and any form of relationships due to the emotional and physical scars that are a constant reminder to them on a daily basis. Furthermore in this article, the study also breaks down the various effects or countless exposure to society on gun violence, whether its exposure to community violence, media violence or even school violence, etc.
2. Ssentongo, P., Fronterre, C., Ssentongo, A.E. et al. Gun violence incidence during the COVID-19 pandemic is higher than before the pandemic in the United States. Sci Rep 11, 20654 (2021). https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-021-98813-z
This article discusses and compares the time period on gun violence incidence pre-pandemic to post pandemic in the United States and it also shows datas on all incidents that were reported to the police department in all 50 states. It also discusses what may be the cause that elevates the risk of violent crimes especially gun violence across the U.S. Study as shown that during the pandemic and the stay at home orders, some cities were reported a decrease in gun violence while other cities experienced a rapid increase in gun violence and other crimes, that attributed to psychological stress resulting from the pandemic and depression symptoms due to unemployment and maintaining physical distance from family and friends.
3. Butts, Jeffrey A., et al. “Cure violence: a public health model to reduce gun violence.” Annual review of public health 36 (2015): 39-53.Butts, Jeffrey A., et al. “Cure violence: a public health model to reduce gun violence.” Annual review of public health 36 (2015): 39-53.
https://www.annualreviews.org/doi/pdf/10.1146/annurev-publhealth-031914-122509
This article focuses on the different strategies or the various methods such as the suppression model and the deterrence approach that are used for experimenting to prevent or reduce gun violence in communities throughout the U.S. It also focuses on a specific violence reduction strategy which is inspired by public health which is called “Cure Violence” which creates both an individual and community level change within the communities where it is a norm for youths to carry guns and condone various forms of conflict with the use of a gun.
4. Bushman, Brad J., et al. “Gun violence trends in movies.” Pediatrics 132.6 (2013): 1014-1018.http://english2010information.pbworks.com/w/file/fetch/84975094/Gun%20violence%20trends%20in%20movies.pdf
This article discusses how violent movies more so gun violence in movies influence or is an open door for youths to solve their social problems based on what they see and observed in numerous movies that portrays violence. It also stated that in 1967 both Leonard Berkowitz and Anthony LePage conducted a study/experiment to determine the measure of aggressive behavior with the presence of weapons could increase aggression. In the article research has shown that for decades the exposure to violence in media can increase aggression in both children and youths.
5. Webster, Daniel W. “Public Health Approaches to Reducing Community Gun Violence.” Daedalus 151.1 (2022): 38-48.https://watermark.silverchair.com/daed_a_01886.pdf?token=AQECAHi208BE49Ooan9kkhW_Ercy7Dm3ZL_9Cf3qfKAc485ysgAAAq4wggKqBgkqhkiG9w0BBwagggK
This article focuses on reducing gun violence within the community and reducing the availability of firearms to individuals who are and have been convicted of serious crimes and individuals who fail to commit for mental health treatments. It also talks about “Cure Violence” which is introduced and inspired by the Public Health which its aim is to help prevent the spread of violence within the communities with the help of using different methods and strategies that help identify and treat individuals with mental health problem and changing the social norms for carrying guns and using guns to solve conflicts in any or every situations.
