Overview
This week’s learning unit delves into labeling theory in criminology, a pivotal concept that emerged amidst the socio-political tumult of the 1960s in the United States. This era, characterized by events such as the civil rights movement and the Vietnam War, significantly influenced the development of this theory. We will introduce key figures like Howard S. Becker, delving into their contributions and examining core principles of the theory, such as the ‘self-fulfilling prophecy’, the distinction between ‘primary’ and ‘secondary deviance’, and the idea of ‘master status’. A critical evaluation of the theory will also be undertaken, discussing its strengths and addressing criticisms, particularly its perceived overemphasis on societal reactions to deviance.
A special focus of this week’s unit will be on John Braithwaite’s concept of reintegrative shaming. This section will explore how Braithwaite’s ideas differ from traditional stigmatizing approaches to shaming, particularly in their application within restorative justice practices. We will discuss the effectiveness of reintegrative shaming in reducing recidivism and its implications in modern criminal justice systems. Additionally, the relevance of labeling theory in contemporary contexts will be examined.
To enhance learning and engagement, the unit will feature interactive components such as group discussion and real-world cases through the lens of labeling theory. By integrating theoretical knowledge with real-life examples and interactive discussions, the unit aims to provide you with a comprehensive and nuanced understanding of labeling theory, its historical roots, key concepts, and its ongoing influence in the field of criminology.
Learning Objectives
By the end of the week, you will be able to:
- Discuss primary and secondary deviance.
- Summarize the foundational ideas of labeling theory.
- Describe the basic assumptions of labeling theory.
- Describe reintegrative shaming according to John Braithwaite.
- Evaluate the research and criticism s of labeling theory.
Workflow
Reading
Chapter 10: Labeling Theory. In Tierney, John. Key Perspectives in Criminology, McGraw-Hill Education, 2009. ProQuest Ebook Central, https://ebookcentral.proquest.com/lib/bmcc/reader.action?docID=480635&ppg=101
Download the chapter here:
Key_Perspectives_in_Criminology_-_10_Labelling_Theory