1. The Constitution was primarily crafted by members of the upper class, including wealthy landowners, merchants, and individuals with significant economic interests. These were people who owned large amounts of property, had investments in manufacturing and shipping, and held personal securities. They had the resources and influence to shape the new government to protect their interests. In contrast, the lower class, which included small farmers, laborers, and those without substantial property, were excluded from this process. They did not have the same level of wealth or political power, and thus their voices were not represented in the creation of the Constitution. This exclusion meant that the concerns and needs of the lower class were largely overlooked in favor of protecting the interests of the wealthy.

2. The social class structure in early United States society was quite rigid, with a clear divide between the wealthy elite and the lower classes. Wealth and property ownership were major determinants of one’s social standing and political influence. Today, while we still have social classes, there is more fluidity and opportunity for movement between them. Modern society offers more avenues for education, entrepreneurship, and career advancement, allowing individuals from lower socioeconomic backgrounds to improve their status. However, inequalities persist, and the gap between the rich and poor remains a significant issue. The class structure has evolved, but some fundamental disparities continue to exist.

3. The framers of the Constitution were apprehensive about democracy because they feared that widespread participation by the lower classes could threaten their economic and social dominance. They were concerned that if everyone, especially those without property, had an equal say in government decisions, it might lead to policies that would undermine their wealth and control. The wealthy elites wanted to ensure stability and protect their interests, so they designed a system that limited direct democratic involvement and maintained their influence. This fear of democracy was rooted in the desire to prevent any upheaval that could arise from giving too much power to the masses, who might push for changes that would disrupt the established order and economic advantages enjoyed by the upper class