1. Means of production and labor, In computer science terms, the means of production are like the hardware and frameworks that make programming possible servers, compilers, and libraries. Labor is the actual coding done by the developer. For example, a programmer writing algorithms in Python (labor) relies on the IDE, compiler, and machine (means of production) to create working software.
   
2. Value is like the functional output of a program. Raw code in a repository or idle hardware has little worth until it is executed to solve a problem. The usefulness of software, such as a fast algorithm or a reliable app, reflects the labor embedded in its design and execution.

3. Labor directly creates value, much like CPU cycles create program output. Without the programmer’s effort, the tools alone cannot produce working code. The amount of socially necessary labor time put into development determines how valuable the final product is to others.

4. Labor power is like the CPU’s processing capacity, while labor is the actual execution of instructions. Workers sell their ability to work (labor power), but what gets executed, the actual coding tasks is determined by the employer. The employer captures the results, much like a system owner controls the output of processes run on their hardware.

5. Surplus value is the difference between what a worker is paid and what their work produces. In CS terms, a programmer may be paid for 8 hours of coding, but the software they create could generate far more revenue for the company. That extra profit, like unused CPU cycles repurposed for other tasks, becomes surplus value for the owner rather than the worker.