1. The Reading 4.3 provides a distinct separation between owners and employees. Owners are comparatively living on investments in stocks, rents, and property income, and employees live on wages and salaries (chapter 4). For example, a shareholder may make money when stocks are not working, whereas a cashier makes money on shifts. 

2. Adam Smith’s quote clarifies that labor produces the actual value of goods, and money is just the expression of the value. This inequality is evident in the YouTube video, where the top 1% of Americans are said to hold over 40% of the wealth in this country. This shows that the power of wealth of classes is still in the hands of a few. 

3. The reading “Class Rules Everything Around Me” claims that class is not an identity, but a dependency. This implies that it is not simply the designation of belonging to working or capitalist classes. 

4. According to the reading 4.4, the class structures are also constructed on an intimate dependency. This implies that workers are at the mercy of capitalists in terms of pay, and capitalists in terms of pay, and capitalists are at the mercy of workers to realize profit. The first is that capitalists need workers to create goods and services, and workers need employment to pay rent. This close bond is the reason why competition between the workers and the owners continues in society. It also shows how the workers’ power can be applied to overcome the capitalist power with the help of organizations.